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The Telecom Digest for February 24, 2012
Volume 31 : Issue 52 : "text" Format
====== 30 years of TELECOM Digest -- Founded August 21, 1981 ======
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Telecom and VOIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) Digest for the
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we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands
against crime. - Geoffrey Welsh
See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details
and the name of our lawyer, and other stuff of interest.
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Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 15:50:50 -0600
From: "John F. Morse" <john@example.invalid>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: Supermarket shop by mobile phone
Message-ID: <pan.2012.02.22.21.50.49.13016@example.invalid>
On Wed, 22 Feb 2012 00:21:55 -0500 tlvp wrote:
> ***** Moderator's Note *****
>
> I'd really like to know if Touch-Tone was intended to be used for IVR
> access when it was on the drawing board. I always thought it was invented
> in order to cut down on local cable costs, i.e., to make it possible to
> use Voice Frequency repeaters and thinner wire.
>
> Bill Horne
> Moderator
That was my understanding. VF repeaters couldn't pass dial pulses.
The DLL (Dial Long Line) equipment was not cheap. It occupied a rack unit
or two. It used power. It created heat. Contacts got dirty. It was noisy.
Solid-state sender conversion kits were not that expensive, and solved the
problem for older COs, like the 1XB, and early 5XB.
I wonder if they were available for SXS offices?
Often money dictates upgrades. I remember one scheduled 2B ESS replacement
for Bonner Springs, KS, a mostly rural town. It was instead used in a
smaller suburb of Stanley, KS (now consumed by Overland Park, KS).
The reasoning was because all the rich folks lived there, many who worked
in high financial jobs in the big city, and the Bonner Springs farmers
didn't need the features.
What about the military, and their fourth column of priority buttons on
telsets? Were these lines not locally switched, perhaps wired to Autovon
as FX lines? That could get expensive, but fortunately only senior
officers had such phones. Maybe they used a line concentrator?
All of the Army and Air Force switches I worked on (up through 1968) were
All Relay SXS, and some X-Y SXS. No Strowger SXS, with their inherent
horizontal dust-collecting banks.
--
John
When a person has -- whether they knew it or not -- already
rejected the Truth, by what means do they discern a lie?
***** Moderator's Note *****
Dirty and noisy: ah, the good old days!
I thought Autovan was all four-wire: someone correct me if I'm wrong,
but I heard that Autovan switches were, technically, tandems and that
they switched all calls using separate transmit and receive paths.
The four-column phones, BTW, were located in a lot of different
places, not just on the desks of high-ranking officers.
Bill Horne
Moderator
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 12:12:29 -0600
From: Dave Garland <dave.garland@wizinfo.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: Supermarket shop by mobile phone
Message-ID: <4F45300D.2040808@wizinfo.com>
On 2/21/2012 11:21 PM, tlvp wrote:
> Ultimately, Ma Bell gave in, and just made everything both pulse and DTMF
> dial responsive, at no extra monthly charge.
>
Actually, where I am Qwest introduced a change that "will save money
for the vast majority of our customers". They went to a single rate
that included DTMF and was less than what DTMF customers were paying,
but more than what pulse customers were paying. From my POV, that
meant that the "extra monthly charge" was no longer optional.
Given that most phones of the day had "pulse/tone" switches, and that
there was a Hayes-compatible command to have modems dial pulse, I
never saw any reason to pay extra for tone.. if I needed tones for
interaction, I flipped the switch on the side of the phone after
dialing. My computer BBS worked with pulse just fine.
Dave
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 16:27:39 -0800 (PST)
From: Wes Leatherock <wleathus@yahoo.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: credit cards, was: Supermarket shop by mobile phone
Message-ID: <1329956859.21482.YahooMailClassic@web111722.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
--- On Tue, 2/21/12, danny burstein <dannyb@panix.com> wrote:
> However, the big time issue was that we had to check each card
> against a very big pamphlet with very teensy type, that was updated
> each week... If the sale was over fifty dollars, we also had to call
> in to the card company for validation and get a ticket number.
Along about that time I was the designated person to pay for a dinner
for a company meeting. The amount was betwen $50 and $100. This was
in the evening, and the credit card authorization center had closed
for the day. The solution, which came to me and the restaurant about
the same time, was to run two charges, each for less than $50, on two
different credit cards I had, so neither charge was over the floor
limit. That was in the days when they sent out credit cards
willy nilly, without your asking for them.
Wes Leatherock
wleathus@yahoo.com
wesrock@aol.com
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2012 01:14:22 -0500
From: Monty Solomon <monty@roscom.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Apple, Google and Others in Agreement on App Privacy
Message-ID: <p06240881cb6b898a64c9@[10.0.1.8]>
Apple, Google and Others in Agreement on App Privacy
By NICOLE PERLROTH and NICK BILTON
FEBRUARY 22, 2012
California's attorney general, Kamala D. Harris, said on Wednesday
that the state had reached an agreement with Amazon.com, Apple,
Google, Hewlett-Packard, Microsoft and Research in Motion to
strengthen privacy protections for smartphone owners who download
mobile applications.
The agreement will force developers to post conspicuous privacy
policies detailing what personal information they plan to obtain and
how they will use it. It also compels app store providers like Apple
and Google to offer ways for users to report apps that do not comply.
The attorney general's office said developers who did not abide by
their own privacy policies would face prosecution under California's
Unfair Competition Law and False Advertising Law.
...
http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/22/california-attorney-general-reaches-deal-on-app-privacy/
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2012 08:31:12 +1100
From: David Clayton <dc33box-usenet@yahoo.com.au>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: Supermarket shop by mobile phone
Message-ID: <pan.2012.02.22.21.31.09.326634@yahoo.com.au>
> ***** Moderator's Note *****
>
> I'd really like to know if Touch-Tone was intended to be used for IVR
> access when it was on the drawing board. I always thought it was
> invented in order to cut down on local cable costs, i.e., to make it
> possible to use Voice Frequency repeaters and thinner wire.
>
> Bill Horne
> Moderator
Given the choice between an out of band signalling (dialling) system that
depended on mechanical components versus an in-band system that was
immensely less reliant on mechanical issues, as well as being far more
popular with the users, I am not surprised it was adopted.
AFAIK IVR came along well after DTMF was invented, and only became
practical when the majority of handsets were DTMF and the cost of IVR
equipment (which included the computing systems behind them) came down to
a reasonable level.
--
Regards, David.
David Clayton
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Knowledge is a measure of how many answers you have, intelligence is a
measure of how many questions you have.
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 09:42:37 -0800 (PST)
From: HAncock4 <withheld@invalid.telecom-digest.org>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: credit cards, was: Supermarket shop by mobile phone
Message-ID: <68375223-a541-41ca-ae6a-2fc66288fb75@k6g2000vbz.googlegroups.com>
On Feb 21, 8:58 pm, danny burstein <dan...@panix.com> wrote:
> However, the big time issue was that we had to check each
> card against a very big pamphlet with very teensy type, that
> was updated each week... If the sale was over fifty dollars,
> we also had to call in to the card company for validation and
> get a ticket number.
>
> - In the late 1970s online terminals came into use at the
> larger retail stores, and presumably the call centers.
> And then, bit by bit, the time and effort got to be less
> and less...
The Bell System developed a product line of transaction telephones--
and a special network to support them--to handle the growing volume of
credit card transactions.
One aspect include the development of a new network, called the
Transaction Network, which introduced a message switching service
tailored to transaction-oriented applications. This would be faster
and easier than using a dial-up, and cheaper than private-line
services.
The December 1978 issue of the BSTJ is devoted to this service. (I'm
not sure how widely this service was utilized in the market place.)
As per traditional Bell System practice, they thoroughly researched
all facets of the application. This includes separate articles on:
"Transaction Network Service",
"Communication Network and Equipment",
"Transaction Network Operational Programs",
"Maintenance and Administration",
"Polled Access Interface",
"Dial Access Interface",
"Customer Service Center Interface",
"The Switched Network Transaction Telephone System",
"Transaction Stations",
"Physical Design Banks", and
"Transaction Printer".
see:
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/bstj/vol57-1978/bstj-vol57-issue10.html
Also, it should be noted that the during the late 1960s and 1970s the
line between computer functions and telecommunication functions began
to blur. That is, when did processing cease being telecom (under the
jurisdiction of the regulated common carriers) and become data
processing (handled by customer owned computers)? A series of formal
FCC Inquiries investigated those issues. In those days there were
predictions of an upcoming war between IBM and AT&T as technology
increased.
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2012 02:10:28 -0500
From: Monty Solomon <monty@roscom.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: From Tunes to Tones, Apps Bridge the Gap
Message-ID: <p0624088bcb6b96b37a71@[10.0.1.8]>
>From Tunes to Tones, Apps Bridge the Gap
By BOB TEDESCHI
February 22, 2012
Not long ago, a ring tone was the only thing that people bothered to
buy for their phone, and some users spent big money on their
collections of jangly alerts.
Now you can download one app for roughly the same price of one of
those old ring tones, and turn your favorite songs into
sweet-sounding tones. With a little work, or, for Apple users, more
than a little work.
A ring tone app is an especially useful thing for people who have
grown tired of the limited selections on Androids and iPhones, but
who don't want to pay $1 for a short clip of a pop song or of Al
Pacino's character in "Scarface" screaming "Say hello to my little
friend!"
Those with an iPhone who choose to build their own ring tones should
download Ringtone Studio Lite (free) or Ringer ($2), while Android
phone users should consider Ringdroid and Ringtone Maker, which are
both free.
For iPhone owners, the process isn't nearly as easy as it is when you
buy a new ring tone straight from the phone, where it downloads
directly to your default ring tones.
...
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/23/technology/personaltech/from-tunes-to-tones-apps-bridge-the-gap.html
Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 20:48:50 -0500
From: Monty Solomon <monty@roscom.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Google to Sell Heads-Up Display Glasses by Year's End
Message-ID: <p06240878cb6b49f4a265@[10.0.1.8]>
Google to Sell Heads-Up Display Glasses by Year's End
By NICK BILTON
FEBRUARY 21, 2012
People who constantly reach into a pocket to check a smartphone for
bits of information will soon have another option: a pair of
Google-made glasses that will be able to stream information to the
wearer's eyeballs in real time.
According to several Google employees familiar with the project who
asked not to be named, the glasses will go on sale to the public by
the end of the year. These people said they are expected "to cost
around the price of current smartphones," or $250 to $600.
The people familiar with the Google glasses said they would be
Android-based, and will include a small screen that will sit a few
inches from someone's eye. They will also have a 3G or 4G data
connection and a number of sensors including motion and GPS.
A Google spokesman declined to comment on the project.
...
http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/21/google-to-sell-terminator-style-glasses-by-years-end/
***** Moderator's Note *****
The article doesn't make it clear if the glasses will contain a
"smart" phone or simply attach to one: either way, having them
available in a reasonable price range will be a major advance.
As I've said, I'm curious about ways that new technologies affect old
ones, so I'm interested in knowing if the display optics can act as
corrective lenses. If so, we're going to see a clash of titans: that
would be the "killer app" that puts Opticians out of business.
Bill Horne
Moderator
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2012 01:25:49 -0500
From: Monty Solomon <monty@roscom.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Disruptions: And the Privacy Gaps Just Keep On Coming
Message-ID: <p06240886cb6b8c3504f2@[10.0.1.8]>
Disruptions: And the Privacy Gaps Just Keep On Coming
By NICK BILTON
FEBRUARY 19, 2012
SAN FRANCISCO - Another week. Another privacy debacle.
This time, Apple is to blame. Yes, the company that has promoted
itself as more private and secure than the other guys, with its
stringent app approval process, has actually been handing out
people's address books as if they were sausage samples on a toothpick
at the supermarket.
Next week there will be another privacy slip. And again the week
after. Like the movie "Groundhog Day," where the day repeats itself.
Where the day repeats itself. Where the day repeats ... you get the
point.
It might be Google, Amazon, Sony, Facebook or Apple, again. Or perhaps
a small Silicon Valley start-up in such a rush to get its product out
in the face of competition that it will focus more on designing the
icon of its app, than ensuring users' privacy.
Imagine if a bank paid more attention to the color of the carpet in
its lobby than the type of safe it uses to store its customers'
valuables. No one would want to store anything there, that's for sure.
http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/disruptions-and-the-privacy-gaps-just-keep-on-coming/
***** Moderator's Note *****
Um, no, I don't get the point. Groundhog Day is a metaphor for the
process leading to maturity, and about how its protagonist is
condemned to repeat the same cycle until he adapts, grows, and
changes (as are we all ...). In like manner, the spread of "private"
information from cellphones to commercial databases will, in time,
lead to a more mature and more realistic view of both our society and
of its people.
Further, a bank is always going to pay more attention to the color
of its carpet than to the type of safe it uses: the carpet is what the
customers see, and the type of safe is dictated by the bank's
insurance carrier, so any safe that satisfies the insurer will be
perfectly adequate. Using a Nineteenth-century allegory for a
Twenty-first century issue is disrespecful to his readers.
Bill Horne
Moderator
Date: Fri, 24 Feb 2012 08:21:15 +1100
From: David Clayton <dc33box-usenet@yahoo.com.au>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: Disruptions: And the Privacy Gaps Just Keep On Coming
Message-ID: <pan.2012.02.23.21.21.06.954295@yahoo.com.au>
........
> Using a Nineteenth-century allegory for a Twenty-first century
> issue is disrespecful to his readers.
>
> Bill Horne
> Moderator
Sort of reminds me of that totally inappropriate use of the term
"Gridlock" when telcos were complaining about long-held modem calls
congesting the PSTN network way back in the day.
"Gridlock" means that everyone grinds to a halt, the modem issue meant
that only new calls may have been affected but every existing call in the
network was never, ever affected.
Just another lazy media grab that eventually misleads people as well as
devaluing the original meaning of the term.
--
Regards, David.
David Clayton
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Knowledge is a measure of how many answers you have, intelligence is a
measure of how many questions you have.
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2012 02:24:22 -0500
From: Monty Solomon <monty@roscom.com>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Monitoring Your Health With Mobile Devices
Message-ID: <p0624088ecb6b99e339bf@[10.0.1.8]>
Monitoring Your Health With Mobile Devices
By PETER WAYNER
February 22, 2012
Dr. Eric Topol is only half joking when he says the smartphone is the
future of medicine - because most of his patients already seem
"surgically connected" to one.
But he says in all seriousness that the smartphone will be a sensor
that will help people take better control of their health by tracking
it with increasing precision. His book, "The Creative Destruction of
Medicine," lays out his vision for how people will start running
common medical tests, skipping office visits and sharing their data
with people other than their physicians.
Dr. Topol, a cardiologist at the Scripps Medical Institute in La
Jolla, Calif., is already seeing signs of this as companies find ways
to hook medical devices to the computing power of smartphones.
Devices to measure blood pressure, monitor blood sugar, hear
heartbeats and chart heart activity are already in the hands of
patients. More are coming.
...
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/23/technology/personaltech/monitoring-your-health-with-mobile-devices.html
Date: Thu, 23 Feb 2012 14:02:57 -0800 (PST)
From: HAncock4 <withheld@invalid.telecom-digest.org>
To: telecomdigestmoderator.remove-this@and-this-too.telecom-digest.org.
Subject: Re: Supermarket shop by mobile phone
Message-ID: <f4751964-7e5e-4042-829b-d860d4f6c869@l14g2000vbe.googlegroups.com>
On Feb 22, 12:21 am, tlvp <mPiOsUcB.EtLlL...@att.net> wrote:
> On Tue, 21 Feb 2012 15:13:07 -0500, Bill Horne wrote, of Touch-Tone phones:
>
> > ... weren't adopted as quickly as was hoped: I think local LEC
> > customers didn't see the signalling capability as an advantage worth
> > paying for ...
>
> "An extra 5 or 7 bucks a month to save 5 or 7 seconds of dialing time?"
> folks thought, "Ya gotta be kidding!" I remember: I was one of them.
In our area Touch Tone cost $1.50/month, regardless of the number of
extensions. If a household made a lot of calls, Touch Tone was a nice
convenience. In our area, it was more of a curiosity in the late
1960s, but by the mid 1970s it became very commonplace in middle-
class neighborhoods. Also, in that time frame, plenty of people were
willing to pay the extra $1/month for a premium set like a Princess or
Trimline.
[As one who still has some rotary phones, after being used to Touch
Tone, it does get weary using rotary dials, especially when dialing
ten digit numbers.]
> And later, when it was learned that DTMF would save Ma Bell money as
> compared with pulse dialing, folks thought, "You should pay us to
> switch to DTMF, not the other way around!" And I was one of those,
> too :-) .
My cable company is advertising that they will gladly send me an
on-line bill FREE in the interest of saving trees. Not mentioned is
[that] they're the ones saving money from printing and postage of a
hard copying mailing, or that faster notice improves their cash flow,
yet they make it sound like they're doing the customer a favor.
Businesses, be they public utility or competitive, always priced their
servies on perceived value rather than actual cost. I don't think
Trimlines or Princess sets cost that much more to manufacture, but
they generated revenue. However, the Touch Tone sets did cost
noticeably more to make due to the electronics, and the receivers in
the central offices were very expensive, too (per the Bell Labs
History 1925-1975). For step-by-step, which was about half of Bell
System lines, Touch Tone was a negative. Per the history, early TT
installations in step exchanges wore out the switches, and special
arrangements had to be made.
The PUCs liked premium telephone offerings since that revenue was used
to offset the low price for bare bones phone service--per their goal
of universal service.
> Ultimately, Ma Bell gave in, and just made everything both pulse
> and DTMF dial responsive, at no extra monthly charge.
The elimination of a charge for DTMF came well after Divesture, about
when ESS was universal.
A note of observation, if I may: "Ma Bell" ceased to exist in 1983
when the old Bell System/AT&T was broken up through Divesture. The
term came about, in part, because the pre-divesture phone company was
one monothic entity, providing all equipment, local, and long distance
calling, and dictated all policies and pricing. Subscribers had to
rent equipment--they could not buy it. However, after divesture,
everything changed. Subscribers buy their own equipment from anyone.
They could choose their long distance carrier. Eventually they could
even choose their local carrier, and many people today use their cable
TV company for phone service. There were numerous companies in the
telecom business, of which "AT&T" was one of many.
> ***** Moderator's Note *****
> I'd really like to know if Touch-Tone was intended to be used for
> IVR access when it was on the drawing board. I always thought it was
> invented in order to cut down on local cable costs, i.e., to make it
> possible to use Voice Frequency repeaters and thinner wire.
Good question. I wonder if the "Bell Labs Record" would have the
answer. But, going by the NYT reference, by 1964 they clearly had
computer interface in mind. This is interesting in itself because most
computers _in use_ in 1964 barely had the CPU and storage capacity to
handle that kind of function; more powerful machines would be
required. That is to say, in 1964 using a computer to provide
telephone grocery shopping would be far too expensive to justify. But
using it to support banking balance inquiries might be cost-justified.
The March 1958 issue of BSTJ explores "Tone Ringing and Push Button
Calling". The need developed as a result of the development of
ESS--"for ESS, the relatively large currents and voltages that are
associated with the signalling functions in existing telephones would
present formidable design difficulities". Instead of the 90 volts
used for ringing, ESS uses a single volt or a milliwatt. This way
signals could be passed on the voice frequency band. Some other
technical advantages were mentioned. They went into great detail
about the design and theory of tone signalling at the telephone set.
"Tone Ringing and Push Button Calling", March 1958
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/bstj/vol37-1958/articles/bstj37-2-339.pdf
I believe a secondary desire was to reduce the holding time of common
control registers engaged when someone is dialing a call.
The original TT phone keypads had only ten digits. I'm not sure when
the *# keys were added. FWIW, circa 1970 when we got TT, one
telephone set was 10 digit, the other was 12 digit. (P.S. Like the
above poster, our family discontinued TT after about a year, feeling
that the $1.50/month wasn't worth the convenience gained. But, some
years later, my family was willing to pay it.)
It is amazing reading newspaper articles and other literature about
technology from 1964. They had so many ideas on the burner, many of
which eventually came to be, though later than anticipated. The big
factor in making all of it possible was the huge drop down in the cost
of electronics, which made computers, terminals, and telecommuni-
cations so much cheaper. For example, I shudder to think the cost per
bit of a disk drive in service in 1964 as compared to today.
Other early articles on Touch Tone:
"Push Button Calling with a Two Group Voice Frequency Code", January
1960
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/bstj/vol39-1960/articles/bstj39-1-235.pdf
(This goes into extensive detail on how the frequencies were selected.
A key factor was not having any signal that could be confused with
speech so as to cause an accidental signal transmission.)
"Human Factors Engineering Studies of the Design and Use of Pushbutton
Telephone Sets", July 1960
http://www.alcatel-lucent.com/bstj/vol39-1960/articles/bstj39-4-995.pdf
(This goes into extensive detail about how they designed the keypad
based on human studies. They experimented with various key arrange-
ments as well as pressure and travel [while] depressing the key.
I wonder if designers of modern electronic equipment do as much
research.)
Western Union private line telephone service, WUTR, April 1964
http://massis.lcs.mit.edu/telecom-archives/archives/technical/western-union-tech-review/18-2/p065.htm
(The push-button dial telephone set illustrated in this article does
not use DTMF, but rather various combinations of polarity and
current presence to indicate the digit dialed.)
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