From editor@telecom-digest.org Tue Nov 16 21:41:25 2004 Received: (from ptownson@localhost) by massis.lcs.mit.edu (8.11.6p3/8.11.6) id iAH2fO418558; Tue, 16 Nov 2004 21:41:25 -0500 (EST) Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 21:41:25 -0500 (EST) From: editor@telecom-digest.org Message-Id: <200411170241.iAH2fO418558@massis.lcs.mit.edu> X-Authentication-Warning: massis.lcs.mit.edu: ptownson set sender to editor@telecom-digest.org using -f To: ptownson Approved: patsnewlist Subject: TELECOM Digest V23 #551 TELECOM Digest Tue, 16 Nov 2004 21:41:00 EST Volume 23 : Issue 551 Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson Al Qaeda Defies Saudi Manhunt With High Web Profile (Lisa Minter) Radio Goes Digital (Lisa Minter) Google Finds its Way Onto Cellphones (Monty Solomon) C-SPAN: LoC/The Digital Future (Monty Solomon) Hi, Vonage User Here (Scott V) Great Deals on Headsets (Steve) SBC to Announce VoIP Tests (Telecom dailyLead from USTA) Re: Chechen Rebel Web Site Reopened (Bob Goudreau) Re: Movie Studios to Sue Internet File Traders (jmeissen@aracnet.com) Re: Inexepnsive Remote Forwarding by Auto Attendant Over Vonage (Aujoe) Re: Wired News: American Passports to Get Chipped (Scott Dorsey) Re: Vonage Tech Support Dead? (DevilsPGD) Re: Satellite Receiver Calling Out Over VOIP? (DevilsPGD) Last Laugh! The Parrot (Lisa Minter) All contents here are copyrighted by Patrick Townson and the individual writers/correspondents. Articles may be used in other journals or newsgroups, provided the writer's name and the Digest are included in the fair use quote. By using -any name or email address- included herein for -any- reason other than responding to an article herein, you agree to pay a hundred dollars to the recipients of the email. =========================== Addresses herein are not to be added to any mailing list, nor to be sold or given away without explicit written consent. Chain letters, viruses, porn, spam, and miscellaneous junk are definitely unwelcome. We must fight spam for the same reason we fight crime: not because we are naive enough to believe that we will ever stamp it out, but because we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands against crime. Geoffrey Welsh =========================== See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details and the name of our lawyer; other stuff of interest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From: Lisa Minter Subject: Al Qaeda Defies Saudi Manhunt with High Web Profile Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 14:03:06 EST Despite the killing of top contributors, including one of its leading Web magazine editors Issa Saad bin Oshan, the group has continued to publish its two widely distributed magazines regularly for the past year. "It's testament to the strength of al Qaeda in Saudi Arabia that they've been able to bring out the magazines twice a month for a whole year despite very heavy losses," said Paul Eedle, a London-based analyst who closely follows Qaeda sites. "This shows how a small group can continue a campaign using the Internet. Before the days of the Internet a group would pretty much fade from view if they were reduced in numbers like al Qaeda in Saudi Arabia," he said. Oshan ran Sawt al-Jihad (Voice of Holy War) -- the most important vehicle for disseminating the group's ideas in which he detailed how Saudis could take up the armed struggle against the United States. He called on Muslims to evict "crusaders" from the cradle of Islam and praised comrades fighting pro-U.S. rulers. Another key publication is Muaskar al-Battar (Battar Camp), an al Qaeda guerrilla manual named after a favorite sword of Prophet Mohammad which disseminates knowledge about the use of arms and explosives and how to kill officials and citizens of the U.S. Oshan was killed in a raid by Saudi security forces on a hideout that led to the discovery of the head of Paul Johnson, the American hostage who was killed by his Qaeda captors in Saudi Arabia in June. Top oil exporter Saudi Arabia has waged a massive manhunt, killing or arresting some 17 of the 26 most wanted militants. "I have been astonished by the magazines' continuity, even though their content has suffered lately. This is one of the best media campaigns by a terrorist group," said an analyst from a European defense studies institute who declined to be named. London-based Islamic activist Yasser al-Sirri said a small group of followers may be helping publish the magazines under the control of Saudi al Qaeda leaders. The magazines often carry interviews with senior militants vowing to fight until death. RECRUITING THROUGH MAGAZINES? US authorities have tried to block access to the magazines and other Islamist sites to curb the spread of their ideas. But analysts say the ability of the magazines in actually mobilizing al Qaeda sympathizers is debatable. "It's a very big leap from reading militant texts, posting messages and sympathizing to actually acting. I think that leap normally requires a personal contact," Eedle said. The defense analyst added: "The Internet may seem as a fantastic virtual meeting place, but it cannot replace a training camp." The magazines prompted alarm among some security experts, who say militants were turning the Web into a virtual classroom. One posting showed how to use a mobile phone in a bomb attack, a method used in blasts that killed 191 on Madrid trains in March. Israeli analyst Reuven Paz said Islamists had more success in winning over youths than Arab nationalists or socialists. "The Islamists create through the Internet a 'culture of the oppressed'," said Paz, an expert on Islamist movements. But American authorities claim the fears may be exaggerated and that most of the material was propaganda. *** FAIR USE NOTICE. This message contains copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. This Internet discussion group is making it available without profit to group members who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information in their efforts to advance the understanding of literary, educational, political, and economic issues, for non-profit research and educational purposes only. I believe that this constitutes a 'fair use' of the copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Law. If you wish to use this copyrighted material for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use,' you must obtain permission from the copyright owner, in this instance, Reuters News Service. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml ------------------------------ From: Lisa Minter Subject: Radio Goes Digital Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 14:04:25 -0500 (EST) Patrick Norton - ExtremeTech Radio hasn't changed much in the past couple of decades. Sure, there was the big switch from mechanical pushbuttons, knobs and cable-driven needles to electrical pushbuttons and digital LCD screens. Stereo AM made its less-than-stunning debut. On the car audio front, a typical head unit's gone from being a radio to being a radio with a built-in cassette deck, to being a radio with a built-in CD player. That said, AM and FM radio tuners have definitely gotten better, a fact I realized when I drove an ancient Toyota with a genuine factory radio from the late '70s, and no cassette or CD player, a few months ago. Radio stations, I noticed, haven't changed all that much, except that more of them sound exactly the same. What has changed for the better is that radio is finally going digital, at least in part. First with the introduction of satellite radio a couple of years ago and now, earlier this year, with the introduction of HD Radio has started to make serious leaps and bounds for the first time since the '70s. The two systems are both digital, but that's about all they have in common. The newest is HD Radio, developed by iBiquity Digital. It promises to bring CD-quality FM and static-free AM to any station that licenses (and implements) the technology. Along with crystal-clear music or talk radio, it also can do things such as deliver data over your car stereo's head unit, including the name of the band you're listening to, news tidbits or even stock quotes. Satellite radio offerings from XM and Sirius each distribute more than a hundred channels of music, info and entertainment via satellite, everywhere in the United States. The coverage even spills over into a fair chunk of Mexico and Canada. Want to listen to one classical station in your car when you drive from San Francisco to Long Beach Island, N.J.? Satellite radio can do that, at least until you pass through a good-sized tunnel; then it cuts out until you're out the other side. Just want to enjoy commercial-free music while you're commuting? Both satellite providers offer more than 60 different channels. Sound good? It does to me. These new digital radio formats have me fired up about radio again. Just for fun, let's get a little deeper and see if we can't dig up a few more diamonds in the world of digital radio. We're bound to uncover a few lumps of coal, too. Satellite Radio: Did We Mention the Monthly Fee? Let's get the first gotcha of digital radio out of the way: Both XM and Sirius charge a monthly subscription fee. Barring a bulk purchase of multiple months (or years) at once, you'll be paying $9.99 per month for XM or $12.95 per month for Sirius. You'll also need an XM or Sirius tuner, most likely a satellite radio that plugs into your car or home stereo, or some kind of box that brings satellite radio to the XM- or Sirius-ready head unit that's already in your car. While there are many car stereos that can add in a satellite radio module, our favorite tuner forms are portable and lend themselves to easy movement from the car to the house. Delphi's XM-compatible Delphi XM Roady2 earned an Editors' Choice award from PC Magazine for its iPod-like size and built-in FM modulator. That means no carrying around extra cables or cassette adapters, since you can use your FM radio to pick up the signal from the Roady2. Its modular build means you can also use it in a portable, Walkman-style carrier, or in a home base station. The Roady2 is a touch smaller than its comparable Sirius tuner, the Sirius Sportster. One advantage the Sportster offers: When you set it for your favorite football team, it'll display its logo on the monitor and automatically change the channel when your team starts playing a game. Both of those satellite radio tuners can be had for less than $100 on sale, plus the monthly fee. ($9.99 for XM or $12.95 for Sirius.) If you're willing to spend about $200 more, you can get a boom box complete with AM/FM tuner and CD player that you can pop your XM tuner into. You can read more about it in PC Magazine. On the new-car front, more manufacturers committed to putting compatible head units into new cars (Daimler-Chrysler and Ford offer Sirius, while Honda and GM favor XM). Sirius has some hi-fi manufactures, such as AudioVox and Kenwood making radios for your home stereo. But XM has the lead in portable hardware, with the announcement of Delphi's MyFi, the first portable, self-powered satellite radio. It's expected to ship this December for $349. What Do You Get for the Monthly Fee? In exchange for that monthly fee, you get an amazing array of programming. XM offers 68 commercial-free music channels out of 130 total channels. Sirius, which started the commercial-free music craze, offers 65 music channels from 120. Both offer similar music programming (dedicated channels for just about everything from dance music to bluegrass), along with a range of news and entertainment channels. We won't get into the other offerings too deeply here, except to say that XM has exclusive rights to Major League Baseball and NASCAR Radio, while Sirius holds the keys to NFL football, National Public Radio and, in 2006, Howard Stern. What Is HD Radio, Anyway? While satellite radio's dedicated content channels and commercial-free music are probably pulling people away from AM and FM radio (albeit slowly, since XM and Sirius combined have roughly 3 million listeners, and there are tens of millions of radio listeners in the United States), HD Radio is designed to improve your experience with your favorite local stations. It's a nationwide standard, chosen by the FCC in 2002. Your HD Radio will work anywhere in the United States. Assuming you have HD Radio being broadcast in your area. (More on that in a moment.) HD Radio is essentially iBiquity's IBOC (In-Band On-Channel) Digital Audio Broadcasting technology. It essentially sandwiches the regular analog transmission with a pair of sideband transmissions. These digital transmissions don't interfere with stations nearby on the dial but still manage to carry a high-quality audio copy of the regular analog broadcast, and can carry additional information the station wished to add in. (The ubiquitous example of stock quotes has been mentioned, but things such as track titles and artists' names are most common.) Because the signals are split across two different frequencies, intelligence in the tuner can work them against each other and work around some of the traditional analog reception problems such as multipath interference (when your tuner picks up the same signal at different times after it's been bounced around, say, the buildings in your downtown area) and other causes of distortion. iBquity debuted the first HD Radio receiver back in January, and they're still fairly rare. According to iBiquity's site, JVC, Kenwood, Panasonic and Boston Acoustics all offer HD Radio receivers. We've had to work to find them for sale in local electronics stores, and with the suggested retail on a car head unit at $700 to $800, they're a bit spendy. The Boston Acoustics Receptor will cost closer to $149.) There are a fair number of HD Radio stations broadcasting, at least according to iBiquity's map of HD Radio stations. Here in San Francisco, there are a fair number of HD radio stations on the air in a wide range of formats, from AM news to jazz stations to the lone local classical and country stations. Should you purchase an HD Radio? We'd start by checking iBiquity's map to find out whether any of your favorite stations are already broadcasting in HD. Then we'd try to find a local shop (or one of the engineers at that radio station) to give us a demo of the HD sound. If you like it and you can afford the tuner, it should be a nice upgrade. But don't worry if you don't want to spend the money: Analog radio isn't going away anytime soon. Patrick Norton has written more than 500 product reviews for print and online media and loves off-road racing. Patrick is best known for answering the toughest tech questions, giving product-purchasing advice and smashing dead PCs with a sledgehammer during a four-year stint when he co-hosted "The Screen Savers" on TechTV (now G4techTV), an hour-long, live TV show for geeks. *** FAIR USE NOTICE. This message contains copyrighted material the use of which has not been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. This Internet discussion group is making it available without profit to group members who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information in their efforts to advance the understanding of literary, educational, political, and economic issues, for non-profit research and educational purposes only. I believe that this constitutes a 'fair use' of the copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the U.S. Copyright Law. If you wish to use this copyrighted material for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use,' you must obtain permission from the copyright owner, in this instance Tech Tuesday and Reuters News Service. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 17:44:34 -0500 From: Monty Solomon Subject: Google Finds its Way Onto Cellphones Search engine company quietly launches service By Peter J. Howe, Globe Staff | November 15, 2004 Google has come to cellphones -- the cheap ones, not just the fancy color-screen models with Web access. Over the last month, the popular search engine company has quietly turned on a new service that lets people use most newer cellphone models to get snippets of information by sending short text messages to a special five-digit number, 46645, which spells GOOGL on a phone keypad. People looking for a list of pizza or Chinese restaurants in Back Bay, for example, just have to send the message "pizza 02116" or "Chinese 02116." Within 10 seconds or so, Google shoots back one or more text messages listing restaurants with addresses and phone numbers from its Google Local page. Related services from Google let users get a phone number by sending a message containing the desired person's first and last names and city, area code, or ZIP code; they can also use Google's Froogle shopping site to get a price quote by sending a text message with "price" followed by the item's name or Universal Product Code number. http://www.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2004/11/15/google_finds_its_way_onto_cellphones/ ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 19:24:25 -0500 From: Monty Solomon Subject: C-SPAN: LoC/The Digital Future http://www.c-span.org/congress/digitalfuture.asp LIBRARY OF CONGRESS The Digital Future SERIES DESCRIPTION Beginning Monday, November 15, 2004 until March 2005, C-SPAN will televise live a series of discussions hosted by the Library of Congress' John W. Kluge Center. The series will examine how the digital age is changing the most basic ways information is organized and classified. The goal is to educate the public on the what the digital age means to their lives. The events will include a featured speaker, followed by a panel discussion, and a question and answer session with the audience at the venue, and C-SPAN television viewers. Our viewers will be invited to email questions to the experts. ------------------------------------------------------------- SERIES SCHEDULE 2004 Monday, November 15 David Weinberger, one of North America's best known experts on "blogging" and coauthor of the bestselling book, "The Cluetrain Manifesto" (2000). Weinberger is also author of "Small pieces, loosely joined: a unified theory of the web" (2002), a frequent commentator on National Public Radio's "All Things Considered" and "Here and Now," and has been published in many magazines including Wired and the Harvard Business Review. rtsp://video.c-span.org/project/digital/digitalfuture111504.rm Monday, December 13 at 6:30pm ET Brewster Kahle, digital librarian, director and cofounder of the Internet Archive Kahle will explain how and why capturing material on the Web is important and discuss the challenges of selecting pertinent content. ---------------------------------------------------------------- 2005 Monday, January 31 at 6:30pm ET Brian Cantwell Smith, dean of the Faculty of Information Studies at the University of Toronto Smith, the author of "On the Origin of Objects," combines degrees in computer science and philosophy and is an expert on the interdisciplinary convergence brought about by orgitization. His talk is titled, "And Is All This Stuff Really Digital After All?" Monday, February 14 at 6:30pm ET David M. Levy, professor at the Information School of the University of Washington Levy is the author of "Scrolling Forward: Making Sense of Documents in the Digital Age," and he will discuss the shift of the experience of reading from the fixed page to movable electrons and the effect that has had on language. Thursday, March 3 at 6:30pm ET Lawrence Lessig, professor of law at Stanford Law School and founder of the Stanford Center for Internet and Society Lessig is the author of "Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace" and an expert on the issues of copyright and "copyleft." He is the inventor of the revolutionary concept and application Creative Commons, which invites the right to use material under specific conditions. Monday, March 14 at 6:30pm ET Edward L. Ayers, dean of the College and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at the University of Virginia Ayers is the author (with Anne S. Rubin) of "The Valley of the Shadow: Two Communities in the American Civil War" on CD-ROM. Among the questions Ayers will address are the implications for the creation and distribution of knowledge in today's digital environment. Monday, March 28 at 6:30pm ET Neil Gershenfeld, director of the Center for Bits and Atoms at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Gershenfeld is the author of "When Things Start to Think." His new concept Internet Zero (0) proposes a new infrastructure for the existing Internet that would give an IP address to all electronic devices - from light bulbs to Internet addresses and URLs - and interconnect them directly, thereby eliminating much intermediating code and server technology. His topic is "From the Library of Information to the Library of Things." Copyright 2004, National Cable Satellite Corporation ------------------------------ From: Scott V Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 17:27:16 -0500 Subject: Hi, Vonage User Here Hi all, I use Vonage. I use an ATA and Linksys router with a cable modem. I love the sound quality of vonage and I hope that telephone companies go this way to get rid of standard phones. Well not get totally rid of it but get more households using it because its a great service. Later all, Scott ------------------------------ From: Steve Subject: Great Deals on Headsets Organization: BellSouth Internet Group Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 18:05:00 -0500 Now available for the first time in the US. Direct connect headsets for Nortel, Mitel, Toshiba, NEC, Samsung, 3Com, ESI, Panasonic and many more keyset models. Manufactured and sold internationally for almost 5 years, these professional quality call center grade are now available at a fraction of the cost of their Plantronics and GN Netcom competition. Check them out at: http://tdiheadsets.com/ ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 12:56:16 EST From: Telecom dailyLead from USTA Subject: SBC to Announce VoIP Tests http://www.dailylead.com/latestIssue.jsp?i=17535&l=2017006 TODAY'S HEADLINES NEWS OF THE DAY * SBC to announce VoIP tests BUSINESS & INDUSTRY WATCH * Adelphia Communications sets $17.5 billion minimum bid * Report: Comcast's VoIP plans picking up steam * Yahoo!, EarthLink beef up their anti-spam barrier USTA SPOTLIGHT * Order Phone Facts 2005 and Broadband Facts together and save! EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES * Electric companies see multiple advantages to BPL REGULATORY & LEGISLATIVE * Lucent faces bribery allegations Follow the link below to read quick summaries of these stories and others. http://www.dailylead.com/latestIssue.jsp?i=17535&l=2017006 http://www.dailylead.com/usta/usta_passiton.jsp ------------------------------ From: Bob Goudreau Subject: Re: Chechen Rebel Web Site Reopened Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 14:30:00 -0500 [Please remove my address from both this message and from the Digest's Table of Contents.] > BobGoudreau@withheld wrote: >> either Lisa or Reuters made a typo. >> And indeed, www.kavzazcenter.com comes up fine in my browser. > Thanks, Bob, but "kavzaz"??? > D**n those typos! But, we know what you mean :-) D'oh! I had to go and make a whole *new* typo! :-( Of course I meant www.kavkazcenter.com BTW, I googled the original misspelled domain name ("kavkavcenter. com") and found lots of hits on the Reuters article that Lisa originally cited. So the original confusion was Reuters' fault all along. Lisa (unlike me) was at least able to type correctly! Bob Goudreau Cary, NC ------------------------------ From: jmeissen@aracnet.com Subject: Re: Movie Studios to Sue Internet File Traders Date: 16 Nov 2004 18:40:25 GMT Organization: http://extra.newsguy.com > [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: At the Independence Cinema over on 8th > and Laurel Streets, ... They do show about ten minutes worth of > advertising (mostly for local merchants) before the movie starts, > interspersed with reminders that no smoking is allowed, follow the > rules, etc, to give you a chance to eat your five dollar little > skimpy bucket of popcorn and your little cup of beverage. Ha! We should be so lucky. We also get the ads and the promos for the concession stand before the movie. I don't mind them, the ads are mostly local content and it helps fill the time until the show starts. But then, at the scheduled start time for the showing they run anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes of honest-to-god commercials straight from your TV set. John Meissen jmeissen@aracnet.com John Meissen john@meissen.org Think Logically / Act Intelligently / Question Authority ------------------------------ From: goyalmanuj@gmail.com (Aujoe Partnership) Subject: Re: Inexepnsive Remote Forwarding by Auto Attendant Over Vonage Date: 16 Nov 2004 12:19:27 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com Vish, I don't know what you mean by 'inexpensive'. But if you are looking at spending about $10-30/per month; there is a better solution for you at www.aujoe.com It greets your callers in your name; transfers the calls to multiple parties and takes messages if they can't take the calls themselves. ------------------------------ From: kludge@panix.com (Scott Dorsey) Subject: Re: Wired News: American Passports to Get Chipped Date: 16 Nov 2004 14:57:14 -0500 Organization: Former users of Netcom shell (1989-2000) Marcus Didius Falco wrote: > New U.S. passports will soon be read remotely at borders around the > world, thanks to embedded chips that will broadcast on command an > individual's name, address and digital photo to a computerized reader. > The State Department hopes the addition of the chips, which employ > radio frequency identification, or RFID, technology, will make > passports more secure and harder to forge, according to spokeswoman > Kelly Shannon. Great idea! Now the bad guys can build bombs that explode when they detect nearby American passports! It's just the thing to ensure Americans' safety abroad. --scott "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis." ------------------------------ From: DevilsPGD Subject: Re: Vonage Tech Support Dead? Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 17:05:44 -0700 Organization: Posted via Supernews, http://www.supernews.com In message no_email_address@hotmail.com (Sara Garland) wrote: > I got an automated ticket # by email immediately, but no human yet. Let me know if you get a human ... I know what "Cheese" is, and I know what "Whiz" is... ------------------------------ From: DevilsPGD Subject: Re: Satellite Receiver Calling Out Over VOIP? Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 17:05:44 -0700 Organization: Posted via Supernews, http://www.supernews.com In message Hemant Shah wrote: > I am considering gettting VOIP service at home (probably Vonage), I > also have 2 dish network receivers (one is a DVR) at home and they > are connected to a land line. Dish network said that I have to have > the receivers connected to the phone line, otherwise I have to pay > extra per month per receiver (I think it is $5 per month per > receiver). > Will the satellite receiver be able to dial out over VOIP? Probably yes, as long as you have Vonage configured to use it's highest quality. Try adding *99 as a dialing string if your run into problems. I'm running BEV (Bell ExpressVu) here, which uses the same gear as Dish, and my receivers all dial in without difficulty. I know what "Cheese" is, and I know what "Whiz" is... ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2004 16:50:22 PST From: Lisa Minter Subject: Last Laugh! The Parrot A young man named John received a parrot as A gift. The parrot had a bad attitude and an even worse vocabulary. Every word out of the bird's mouth was rude, obnoxious and laced with profanity. John tried and tried to change the bird's attitude by consistently saying only polite words, playing soft music and anything else he could think of to "clean up" the bird's Vocabulary. Finally, John was fed up and he yelled at the parrot. The parrot yelled back. John shook the parrot and the parrot got angrier and even ruder. John, in desperation, threw up his hand, grabbed the bird and put him in the freezer. For a few minutes the parrot squawked and kicked and screamed. Then suddenly there was total quiet. Not a peep was heard for over a minute. Fearing that he'd hurt the parrot, John quickly opened the door to the freezer. The parrot calmly stepped out onto John's outstretched arms and said "I believe I may have offended you with my rude language and actions. I'm sincerely remorseful for my inappropriate transgressions and I fully intend to do everything I can to correct my rude and unforgivable behavior." John was stunned at the change in the bird's attitude. As he was about to ask the parrot what had made such a dramatic change in his behavior, the bird continued, "May I ask what the turkey did to cause what happened to him?" HAPPY THANKSGIVING! ------------------------------ TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly but not exclusively to telecommunications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, Yahoo Groups, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. TELECOM Digest is a not-for-profit, mostly non-commercial educational service offered to the Internet by Patrick Townson. All the contents of the Digest are compilation-copyrighted. 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