From editor@telecom-digest.org Mon Mar 22 16:17:39 2004 Received: (from ptownson@localhost) by massis.lcs.mit.edu (8.11.6p2/8.11.3) id i2MLHdj18207; Mon, 22 Mar 2004 16:17:39 -0500 (EST) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 16:17:39 -0500 (EST) From: editor@telecom-digest.org Message-Id: <200403222117.i2MLHdj18207@massis.lcs.mit.edu> X-Authentication-Warning: massis.lcs.mit.edu: ptownson set sender to editor@telecom-digest.org using -f To: ptownson Approved: patsnewlist Subject: TELECOM Digest V23 #134 TELECOM Digest Mon, 22 Mar 2004 16:15:00 EST Volume 23 : Issue 134 Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson RTX Makes WiFi Telephony Splash (VOIP News) RTX Pushing the Envelope in Wireless VoIP for Consumers (VOIP News) Voiceglo Chooses Terremark's NAP of the Americas (VOIP News) VoicePulse Now Offers Seven Digit Dialing (VOIP News) How Much Are These UPS Components Worth? (Lucas) Notebaert Shakes Things up at Qwest (Sam Chen) Variety of Phone Numbers -- 1950s (Lisa Hancock) Last Modern Towns to Go Dial? (Lisa Hancock) Re: Phone Sex (Daniel W. Johnson) Re: Telephone Switchbox (Tony P.) Re: Lawsuit Regarding Excessive Prison Phone Charges (Justin Time) Re: New York City 911 Data - Anywhere? (Justin Time) Re: U.S. Government Attack on Internet, First Amendment (William Warren) Re: Western Union Clocks (DevilsPGD) All contents here are copyrighted by Patrick Townson and the individual writers/correspondents. Articles may be used in other journals or newsgroups, provided the writer's name and the Digest are included in the fair use quote. By using -any name or email address- included herein for -any- reason other than responding to an article herein, you agree to pay a hundred dollars to the recipients of the email. =========================== Addresses herein are not to be added to any mailing list, nor to be sold or given away without explicit written consent. Chain letters, viruses, porn, spam, and miscellaneous junk is definitely unwelcome. We must fight spam for the same reason we fight crime: not because we are naive enough to believe that we will ever stamp it out, but because we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands against crime. Geoffrey Welsh =========================== See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details and the name of our lawyer; other stuff of interest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- From: VOIP News Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 11:39:29 -0500 Subject: RTX Makes WiFi Telephony Splash Reply-To: VoIPnews@yahoogroups.com http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2004/Mar/1025229.htm [March 19, 2004] RTX Makes WiFi Telephony Splash Atlanta, GA March 22, 2004 RTX Telecom A/S, Danish wireless-technology expert, is moving ahead rapidly with product designs to kick-start the consumer wireless voice-over-IP (VoIP) market. It has also established a subsidiary, RTX America Inc., to accelerate participation by the PC and telecommunications industries in the rapidly-growing VoIP opportunity. At the Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association (CTIA) Wireless conference, here this week, RTX will demonstrate cordless phone sets designed to provide wireless VoIP access through a PC's USB port, in addition to a standard interface to public-switched telephone networks (PSTNs). This provides consumers with streamlined access to regular telephone services and VoIP using a single cordless telephone. This will be the first of what will be a suite of products, including a VoFi (802.11-enabled VoIP) phone. Full story at: http://www.tmcnet.com/usubmit/2004/Mar/1025229.htm How to Distribute VoIP Throughout a Home: http://michigantelephone.mi.org/distribute.html If you live in Michigan, subscribe to the MI-Telecom group: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/MI-Telecom/ ------------------------------ From: VOIP News Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 12:06:44 -0500 Subject: RTX Pushing the Envelope in Wireless VoIP for Consumers Reply-To: VoIPnews@yahoogroups.com http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/03-22-2004/0002132289&STORY&EDATE= RTX Pushing the Envelope in Wireless VoIP for Consumers ATLANTA, Georgia, March 22 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Establishes U.S. Subsidiary to Spearhead Effort in North America RTX Telecom A/S, Danish wireless-technology expert, is moving ahead rapidly with product designs to kick-start the consumer wireless voice-over-IP (VoIP) market. It has also established a subsidiary, RTX America Inc., to accelerate participation by the PC and telecommunications industries in the rapidly growing VoIP opportunity. At the Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association (CTIA) Wireless conference, here this week, RTX will demonstrate cordless phone sets designed to provide wireless VoIP access through a PC's USB port, in addition to a standard interface to public-switched telephone networks (PSTNs). This provides consumers with streamlined access to regular telephone services and VoIP using a single cordless telephone. This will be the first of what will be a suite of products, including a VoFi (802.11-enabled VoIP) phone. It's Timely "Wireless VoIP is becoming a hot trend and RTX Telecom is establishing itself as a supplier of the key system components and platforms that will bring this technology to consumers in the home," said J. Gerry Purdy, Ph.D. principal analyst with MobileTrax. "The VoIP trend started with a focus on the enterprise, not the consumer market. With technologies that can leapfrog the costs and installation complexities of enterprise VoIP, such as RTX is offering, the market could experience a big surge in consumer VoIP demand," said Connie Wong, Director of Wireless Communications, Semico Research Corp. "RTX has been servicing the consumer electronics industry for the last 10 years with competitive, advanced, cordless phones and other wireless products. Bringing the features and reliability to VoIP that consumers have come to expect from their telephone products is a natural extension of our business," said Jorgen Elbaek, president and CEO of RTX Telecom. "I believe RTX's wireless expertise and technology will be the enabler for bringing VoIP to the consumer, and this market will be driven from North America," stated Chris Tubis, CEO of RTX America. Chris Tubis joined RTX to establish a North American beachhead for the Aalborg, Denmark-based wireless technology company. He is a Silicon Valley veteran, formerly vice-president of National Semiconductor's Wireless Communications Group and president of Ultra RF. About RTX Telecom RTX Telecom provides wireless engineering expertise and technology to OEMs developing products based on advanced wireless communications standards, such as GSM/GPRS, DECT, Bluetooth, CDMA, TD-SCDMA, 802.11a/b/g, VoIP, and others. RTX Telecom provides individually tailored turnkey solutions where a customer's specification is turned into a fully-tested product, ready for market in the shortest possible time. RTX has 210 employees, including 170 engineers. RTX telecom is listed on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange as RTX.CO. Its customer list includes many of the world's leading manufacturers of wireless communications devices. SOURCE RTX Telecom A/S ------------------------------ From: VOIP News Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 11:53:28 -0500 Subject: Voiceglo Chooses Terremark's NAP of the Americas Reply-To: VoIPnews@yahoogroups.com http://home.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20040322005116&newsLang=en March 22, 2004 08:30 AM US Eastern Timezone Voiceglo Chooses Terremark's NAP of the Americas as Connectivity Hub for Its Global VoIP Infrastructure MIAMI & FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--March 22, 2004--Terremark Worldwide, Inc. (AMEX:TWW), a leading operator of integrated Tier-1 Network Access Points (NAPs) and best-in-class network services, today announced that Voiceglo, a worldwide full service Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) communications company, has signed a three-year contract with a base value of $900,000, to make the NAP of the Americas the anchor connectivity hub for their global VoIP infrastructure. Voiceglo, a wholly-owned subsidiary of theglobe.com (OTCBB:TGLO), is a new kind of global communications company, offering web-based, home and business phone service to anyone anywhere in the world that enables customers to use the Internet to make and receive local and long distance calls and keep their existing phone number. Voiceglo's flagship product, the GloPhone (http://www.glophone.com), allows users to make calls directly from their browsers to any telephone in the world. GloPhone Blue, a FREE product, offers users the ability to make unlimited calls to other GloPhone users at no cost. For as little as $3.99 per month and low per minute rates, the GloPhone upgrades allow users to make and receive calls from regular landline and cellular phones. Among all of the proven VoIP providers, Voiceglo's technology is the only one that permits use with dial-up connections. [Comment: One thing you will find about this list is that when I see false and misleading statements in corporate propaganda, I will have no hesitation to call your attention to them. Thus is the case here - I know of at least two other providers that can be used over dial-up connections, though I do not believe that either officially supports them, probably because dial-up connections are sort of like Forrest Gump's box of chocolates ... you never know what you're gonna get, and some dial-up connections are doubtless too slow to support even the highest compression codecs. But, Packet8 has let it be known that their service can work over a dial-up connection, and VoicePulse's low bandwidth setting (available only to customers with the newer Sipura SPA-2000 adapters) would also work over dial-up, providing the customer has enough savvy to set up Internet Connection Sharing. So VoiceGlo's assertion in this press release that "Among all of the proven VoIP providers, Voiceglo's technology is the only one that permits use with dial-up connections" is simply not a factual statement. They *may* offer somewhat better performance over dial-up than the others, although personally I'd even have some doubts about that, but they certainly are not the "only one."] Full story at: http://home.businesswire.com/portal/site/google/index.jsp?ndmViewId=news_view&newsId=20040322005116&newsLang=en ------------------------------ From: VOIP News Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 12:25:33 -0500 Subject: VoicePulse Now Offers Seven Digit Dialing Reply-To: VoIPnews@yahoogroups.com According to a message posted this morning on the BroadbandReports.com VoIP forum, VoicePulse is now offering seven digit dialing to its customers. After a bit of checking, I was able to determine that the seven digit dialing comes in two flavors, and the user can select their preference. Also, at the present time it only works for customers that have one of the newer Sipura SPA-2000 adapters. Cisco ATA-186 users still have to dial all 11 digits for the time being. In the default mode, customers have 7, 10 & 11 digit dialing. In this mode, customers can dial US numbers using either 7 digits (555-1212), 10 digits (732-555-1212) or 11 digits (1-732-555-1212). There will be a delay of 3 seconds after pressing the 7th digit (the delay is necessary to distinguish an area code from an exchange prefix, or to put it another way, to see if the customer is going to dial a ten digit number, or stop after the seventh digit). But customers can also opt for 7 & 11 digit dialing. In this mode, customers can dial US numbers using either 7 digits or 11 digits. Because there's no chance of confusion between a seven digit number and a ten digit number in this mode, the call will begin to be connected immediately after the 7th or 11th digit is dialed. In this mode you must dial the leading "1" on calls outside your home area code. Customers can select their "home" area code for seven digit dialing (in case it is different from the area code of their phone number). My understanding is that it defaults to the area code of the customer's (primary) VoicePulse number, but any U.S. area code can be selected. The BroadbandReports thread that brought this to my attention is here: http://www.broadbandreports.com/forum/remark,9746628~mode=flat ------------------------------ From: rohenaz@nycap.rr.com (Lucas) Subject: How Much Are These UPS Components Worth? Date: 22 Mar 2004 07:26:36 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com Hi, I'm happened to get my hands on some NEW IN BOX high end telecom and UPS equiptment but the problem is I only have a vague idea what it is all worth. I want to get a better idea of what a reasonable asking price is for this stuff. First of all, UPS batteries have to be replaced every so often ... these are brand new in box, never used, BUT they have been sitting in a warehouse for 3 years! Here are some model numbers from the packages: Box #1 - "6000 Powerpass" 208/240 : 120/240 L14-30R - The manual has a big Avaya logo on it, the unit itself has a Lucent logo on it. As far as I've been able to tell, PEI makes the powerware line? Some websites have Powerware listed as the manufacturer too! This photo looks like the right unit with the exception of the blue logo which isnt present on mine. Like I said mine says lucent in smaller letters instead. http://www.peii.com/products/details.cfm?ProductID=27727&cfid=87475&cftoken=98969474 This is a stackable unit. Box #2 - "6000P6HV" - This one looks similar, is much lighter, and has the Avaya logo on it. I found a website that had it listed for $500 used. Should I expect to get less or more for this? Box #3 - 5000V A , ExtendedB att. Cab.w/charger(120V dc) - Avaya part no. 408128056 - This unit is BIG. It weighs 410 lbs. I have absolutely no idea how much this unit is worth. Box #4 - Same as above without charger. Avaya Part No. 408128064. This one ONLY weighs 395 lbs. There are a couple more packages, but I have a better idea of what those are worth. If anyone here knows anything about this kind of stuff and can even give me a ROUGH idea of what these units are worth I would appreciate it very much. THANKS! - Luke ------------------------------ From: schen5547@yahoo.com (sam_chen) Subject: Notebaert Shakes Things up at Qwest Date: 22 Mar 2004 08:42:30 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com Looks like Notebaert is continuing to clean house at Qwest. Also looks like the SEC is starting to breathe down the necks of Cruciotti and others. The Barry Allen appointment and the consolidation of IT and networks seems to be a wise move: http://www.rockymountainnews.com/drmn/business/article/0,1299,DRMN_4_2744537,00.html Looks like Allen's a former military guy with loads of experience on the operations front: http://www.qwest.com/about/company/management/barry_allen.html ------------------------------ From: hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com (Lisa Hancock) Subject: Variety of Phone Numbers -- 1950s Date: 22 Mar 2004 08:14:30 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com I found an old rail schedule (North Shore Line -- Chicago to Milwaukee) of the 1950s, and it shows a variety of telephone number types. Today, we take for granted nationwide direct-dialing. But in order to make that happen, the Bell System had to assign every subscriber in the U.S. a unique phone number. That was much harder than it sounds. Back in the 1950s and earlier, the size (length) of a phone number varied on the size of the town. The big cities had 7 digit numbers just like today. Many smaller cities and towns had 5 digit numbers x-nnnn (that seems to be the most common). But I've seen 6, 4, and 3 digit numbers as well. One small place had a phone number 1234-F2. I don't know what "F2" meant, probably a ringing code for a large multi-party line. It's relatively easy to add digits to small phone numbers to bring them up to seven digits. I know of an old church whose number was "23" back in 1927 is today 947-0023. But the big problem was dealing with the local switches and tandem machines. To add digits on an SxS system meant that either more switches would be required or "absorption" switches would be required. Indeed, until the 1980s, many 5 digit towns could continue using 5 digits for local calls and needed only 7 for calls to/from outside the town. But all this required special planning and translations in the long distance switches. With a system that was wholly electro-mechanical, this was a difficult process. At the same time, this process had to work alongside a tremendous growth in telephone service. ------------------------------ From: hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com (Jeff nor Lisa) Subject: Last Modern Towns to Go Dial? Date: 22 Mar 2004 08:19:18 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com In 1950, a good deal of the Bell System's customers were still served by purely manual exchanges. In the 1950s, the Bell System converted the bulk of the remaining system to dial and also accomodated tremendous growth. It didn't all happen overnight. I know of two suburban towns in my area that didn't get converted until around 1962; one town was a pretty large suburb. The last cutover was Santa Catalina Island off of California, which I think was delayed due to the big difficulty of getting a switch out to it. It went to a modular ESS. I don't know when the last independent cutover to dial was. I'm curious about large towns (not rural hamlets) that still had manual service after 1960. If anyone has any stories, could you post publicly them? (If any are in the NYC metro area, a date would be helpful since I could look that up in the NY Times.) [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: Chicago started cutting over to dial service in the 1930's, but suspended the cutover when Western Electric was nationalized by the federal government during World War Two. The cutover then resumed in 1946 and was complete in 1948 wheh the last of the manual offices (Chicago-Humboldt) was converted. But the first of the offices to be converted to dial in the downtown area (Chicago- Wabash) of necessity only had the oldest of the old equipment (panel and step switching) since I think that is all there was in the 1930's. Other downtown offices had 'newer, more modern' stuff like crossbar as they were converted in the later 1930's and early 1940's, as did most of the neighborhoods. When ESS (the very first generics of same) became available, Morris, Illinois got it first around 1969 and then downtown Chicago (Wabash c.o.) was next, and it went direct from the oldest stuff (stepping switches) direct to ESS, without any stop to use crossbar or other schemes first as many places did.) For regular downtown phone users, it was quite a cultural shock to hear the difference: absolute silence and an immediate ring tone (leading many folks to first think they had misdialed) in place of the old and very noisy stepping switches, often times jokingly referred to in the industry as the 'Wabash Cannonball', particularly when the switch train got derailed on the way to its destination. So just like the orginal conversion from manual to dial, downtown went first, then eventually the neighborhoods and suburbs followed during the 1980's from X-bar to ESS. The very last Chicago exchange to cut to ESS from X-bar was LOngbeach (312-561) about 1980 or so. PAT] ------------------------------ From: panoptes@iquest.net (Daniel W. Johnson) Subject: Re: Phone Sex Date: 22 Mar 2004 09:32:57 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com Gary Novosielski wrote in message news:: > Steven J Sobol wrote: >> Lessee, a quarter of a billion people living in the USA, only ten >> thousand distinct combinations of digits from 0000 to 9999 and not all >> of those are used in SSNs ... how does he expect this to work again? > It sounds even worse than that: if the system uses the SUM of the last > four digits, there are only 37 different "checksums" possible. 36. 0 is not possible. ------------------------------ From: Tony P. Subject: Re: Telephone Switchbox Organization: ATCC Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 18:28:21 GMT In article , cnavarro@wcnet.org says: > On 19 Mar 2004 19:05:27 -0800, mlliw@joimail.com (Will) wrote: >> Is there a box that when called to normally, it sends through, but >> when a code such as #22, It brings the caller to a _dialtone_ on >> another line? I have seen several boxes that do this (for >> computer/fax/telephone) that when #22 is dialed, they send to a >> separate place, but they don't give a _dialtone_ on a separate >> line. Thanks! > It might depend on what type of phone system you have. Some systems > have Direct System Inward Access (DISA) available. Teltone used to > make a 106 box that was a bridging unit with amplifiers. They still > make an Officelink Solo, but I bet it's a bit pricey. > http://www.teltone.com/products/remotevoice/solo/home.htm > One thing to keep in mind, DISA and the 106 is highly hackable. A > teenager with a lot of time on his hands can key the universe of 3 > digit numbers as a hobby to find out what makes it work. The > Officelink is a callback device. I setup DISA on a Samsung DCS. It requires a seven digit passcode. So that ups the possibilities. The way the system was configured, the first digit had to be a 2 or 3, the next six could be 0 thru 9. So 2x10x10x10x10x10x10 = 2,000,000 possible combinations. ------------------------------ From: a_user2000@yahoo.com (Justin Time) Subject: Re: Lawsuit Regarding Excessive Prison Phone Charges Date: 22 Mar 2004 10:42:22 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com Danny Burstein wrote in message news:: > New York, NY -- > A filing today (11-March-2004) with the Federal Communications > Commission (FCC) asks the agency to examine the harm caused by high > phone rates charged to people in prison, and criticizes the > relationships between prison administrators and commercial phone > companies that give rise to the unusually high rates. > "The filing asks the FCC to take two primary steps to remedy this > problem: One, require that private prisons replace exclusive telephone > service contracts with contracts allowing people in prison to select > one of several telephone companies to carry their long distance > calls. And two, require private prisons to allow the people they > incarcerate the option of making direct dial calls as an alternative > to the more expensive collect calls most currently require. > [ snippety snip, rest at (watch for line wrap) : > http://www.brennancenter.org/presscenter/releases_2004/ > pressrelease_2004_0311.html Next you will see lawsuits for the prisoners to be paid a "living wage" while they are incarcerated for illegal activity. Well, shouldn't they be paid for doing nothing? After all its society's fault for putting them there in the first place! Rodgers Platt ------------------------------ From: a_user2000@yahoo.com (Justin Time) Subject: Re: New York City 911 Data - Anywhere? Date: 22 Mar 2004 10:50:46 -0800 Organization: http://groups.google.com cstabbert@yahoo.com (Cliff Stabbert) wrote in message news:: > Hi. I've been trying to locate some specific information on 911 calls > in New York over the last six months to a year. > Ideally, I'd like to be able to get information calls dispatched to > specific precincts broken down by incident type (domestic/assault/ > theft etc.), by time of day, and by day of the week. > Googling around has led to NYPD's CompStat information, which provides > precinct-level crime statistics, but isn't really what I'm looking > for. > It's a tall order, perhaps. So far, calling the NYPD (both main > information and specific precincts) and the New York mayor's office > hasn't gotten me very far (the information doesn't exist, or isn't > public, or would be released only under FOIA). Anybody have a clue > whether this information is out there, and if so, how I'd get it? > If there's a better newsgroup to post this in, or some other forum > that might provide leads, please let me know. > Thanks in advance, > Cliff Actually a FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) request is extremely easy to file and doesn't necessarily have to follow any form. Just state exactly what you are looking for in a letter and state the request is being made under the auspices of the Freedom of Information Act. Rodgers Platt ------------------------------ From: William Warren Subject: Re: U.S. Government Attack on Internet and First Amendment Organization: Comcast Online Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 14:19:22 GMT wrote in message news:telecom23.132.6@telecom-digest.org: > http://www.axisoflogic.com/artman/publish/article_5633.shtml > U.S. Government Attack on Internet and First Amendment > By Ben Charny > FBI pushes for broadband wiretap powers: ISPs, Net phone services would > all have to rewire > March 12, 2004-A far-reaching proposal from the FBI, made public > Friday, would require all broadband Internet providers, including > cable modem and DSL companies, to rewire their networks to support > easy wiretapping by police. [snip] "Rewire" is a good choice for this kind of FUD: it implies a labor-intensive effort with lots of time, tools, and (of course) wire. However, given that the "IP" in VoIP stands for "Internet Protocol", it's a simple matter to copy all packets destined for a particular destination to another interface, connected to the FBI or other agency. This is nothing new: CALEA has been in effect for years, and it's requirements are real, and reasonable, but this isn't about enforcing laws. In the shadow-boxing world of big-carrier long-distance, it's actually a feint intended to put off FBI efforts to have the common carriers do free work for the government. Given that the "loaded" costs of executing a single search warrant can exceed $5,000, the VoIP industry is scared to death of having to maintain the staff needed to support such an effort. The FBI doesn't want to deal with new technology, so it's trying to leverage CALEA to have VoIP (and any other new technology) converted to POTS connections that their ancient pen recorders and tape recorders can handle: the government doesn't want to risk introducing any new evidence techniques into a courtroom (think about the evidence chain for a bunch of bits on a hard drive), and is deathly afraid of having to admit that it can't understand mu-law encoding, robbed-bit signalling, or any other "Flash Gordon" technology. In any case, those users whom are concerned about government avesdropping -- I encrypt all my VoIP calls so that the FBI can't find out how boring my life is -- need only apply GPG or equivalent military-grade encryption to their packet stream. Bill Warren ------------------------------ From: DevilsPGD Subject: Re: Western Union Clocks Organization: EasyNews, UseNet made Easy! Date: Mon, 22 Mar 2004 20:28:58 GMT In message <> hancock4@bbs.cpcn.com (Lisa Hancock) did ramble: > I don't know why it's so hard to keep time coordinated. In the > Philadelphia area, the transportation authority tells riders to use > Bell (Verizon) time, 215-846-1212, as a standardized source. My $20 > Casio "50M" watch is pretty reliable. Bell has offered that service > since at least the 1960s (846 was TIme 6). This always confuses me. One of my servers pulls from NTP sources on the next, the rest synch from there. My phones all set themselves (Analog, via CID/CND data). My bedroom clock not only has a backup battery, but it also receives over the air signals, and is able to set itself as well. Given that the data is out there, via a network, or being broadcast, why is it such a challenge in the business world? A well-dressed man walks into a bar and asks a woman to sleep with him for $1M. The woman is excited and she gives immediate consent: "Of course I'll sleep with you!". Then the man asks, "will you sleep with me for $5?". The woman indignantly replies, "Of course not! What do you think I am?". The man replies, "We've already established what you are; now we're merely haggling over the price." [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: I use ntp2.kansas.net for my computers here. The Windows 2000 pulls from there, or navobs, and then serves the Windows 98 and Windows 95 laptops over the LAN. PAT] ------------------------------ TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly but not exclusively to telecommunications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, Yahoo Groups, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. TELECOM Digest is a not-for-profit, mostly non-commercial educational service offered to the Internet by Patrick Townson. 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End of TELECOM Digest V23 #134 ******************************