TELECOM Digest     Tue, 27 Sep 2005 18:35:00 EDT    Volume 24 : Issue 440

Inside This Issue:                             Editor: Patrick A. Townson

    Scientists Find Mature Galaxy Eight Times Larger Than Milky Way (AFP)
    Marsh Rats Vow to Stay and Rebuild (Alan Freeman)
    Houston Returns to Normal (Maria LaGanga and Lianne Hart)
    Did You Say Dogging or Blogging? Brits Confused (Jeffrey Goldfarb)
    Effect of Greenhouse Gasses Rising (Randolph E. Schmid)
    Re: Why is VOIP Getting Hot Now? (John Levine)

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From: AFP News Wire <afp@telecom-digest.org>
Subject: Scientists Find Mature Galaxy Eight Times Larger Than Milky Way
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2005 17:36:26 -0500


US astronomers said they had found a vast, mature galaxy using NASA's
Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescopes.

They were particularly impressed by the fact stars seemed to have been
formed in the galaxy.

"This is truly a significant object," says Richard Ellis, of the
California Institute of Technology and a member of the discovery team.

"Although we are looking back to when the universe was only six
percent of its present age, this galaxy has already built up a mass in
stars eight times that of the Milky Way."

He said the fact such a galaxy had already completed its star
formation "implies a yet earlier period of intense activity."

"It's like crossing the ocean and meeting a lone seagull, a forerunner
of land ahead. There is now every reason to search beyond this object
for the cosmic dawn when the first such systems switched on," he said.

Bahram Mobasher of the Space Telescope Science Institute, leader of
the science team, said the galaxy initially looked "young and small,
like other known galaxies at similar distances".

"Instead, we found evidence that it is remarkably mature and much more
massive. This is the surprising discovery," he said.

Though astronomers generally believe most galaxies were built up by
mergers of smaller galaxies, the new discovery suggests that at least
a few galaxies formed quickly and wholly long ago. For such a large
galaxy, this would have been a vastly explosive star birth event.

The findings were due to be published in the December 20, 2005, issue
of the Astrophysical Journal.

Hubble Site


Copyright 2005 Agence France Presse.

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------------------------------

From: Alan Freeman <globeandmail@telecom-digest.org>  
Subject: Marsh Rats Vow to Stay and Rebuild
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2005 17:22:35 -0500


By Alan Freeman

'Marsh rats' set to rebuild area devastated by hurricane.  Wrath of
Rita crushes Cameron Parish -- but not its many resilient residents.

SULPHUR, LA. -- Dwight Guitry bristles when a stranger suggests that
Cameron Parish may not be the best place to rebuild his life after
another hurricane shattered the isolated region on the Texas-Louisiana
border.

"This is my home and this little hurricane ain't going to stop me,"
said Mr.  Guitry, a fishing-camp operator who's desperate to get back
home to the nearby town of Hackberry to survey the damage wrought by
hurricane Rita.

Mr. Guitry and about a dozen other residents of the town have
congregated at the northern end of Ellender Bridge, which spans the
Intercoastal Waterway and where the Cameron County Sheriff's
Department has erected a roadblock to stop anybody but essential
service personnel from getting into the parish.  Even getting to the
bridge along Highway 27 is a dangerous drive across downed
transmission lines lying like metal spaghetti on the roadway, the
poles that carried it at precarious angles or shattered on the ground.

Cameron Parish was ground zero for hurricane Rita, its fishing
villages and coastal towns devastated by the wrath of the storm.

"Holly Beach is no longer there. The only structure left there is the
water tower. Holly Beach is now just a sand flat," said Randy Hunt, an
officer with the Sheriff's Department who's manning the roadblock. "In
Cameron, the court house survived but the school is destroyed and the
library is gone.  It's just a big mess."

In Hackberry, where Mr. Hunt's own home sustained extensive damage,
the Catholic church was virtually destroyed and coffins from the
adjacent cemetery have floated away.

For Cameron Parish, a marshy region of alligator-infested bayous, oil
terminals and fishing villages populated with Cajuns with surnames
such as Bergeron, Daigle and Thibodeaux, Rita was not the first
uninvited visitor to try and destroy the place. Forty-eight years ago,
hurricane Audrey hit the same region, killing 390 people, making it
one of the deadliest hurricanes in U.S. history.

That was before the days of accurate weather forecasting, so many of
Audrey's victims died in their beds. With that knowledge and the
collective memory of the 1957 storm, most people evacuated from
Cameron Parish on the eve of Rita's arrival and none of its 9,200
residents died.

Jeff Moore was one of the few holdouts. "I'm pretty hard-headed,"
declared the 20-year-old barge employee just after landing here on an
aluminum boat from Hackberry; he had ridden out the storm in his home
with his work buddy Jack East. "It was pretty intense, pretty
rough. You could hear the shingles popping off the roof. You could
hear the tin coming off our out-buildings.  There was a lot of
shaking." Asked if he would repeat the experience, the young man
didn't hesitate a moment. "I sure wouldn't do it again."

James Devall also rode out the storm in the wheelhouse of one of the
tugboats he operates with his three brothers, which they had moored
beneath the bridge at the home base of their industrial barge company,
Devall Towing.

"It sounded like a tornado. It was something else. I prayed a lot of
rosaries," said Mr. Devall, who was seven years old when Audrey
hit. "It just rang and rang. It was so powerful, I thought something
would burst."

Ignoring the sheriff's order to stay out of the parish, Mr. Devall
snuck into Hackberry and discovered that his home had survived, except
with a hole in his living room and water in his kitchen. At the
roadblock, the policemen have relaxed their rules and allowed
residents with cattle through the line to try and save their animals,
many of whom are marooned in the sea water that the storm surge
brought in.

"I still have five horses in my pasture," said Bodie Jenks, who works
at an oil storage depot in Hackberry. "They haven't had any water in
three days."  Temperatures are hovering at 100 F.

Mr. Jenks sees no reason why he and other residents of the parish
shouldn't rebuild. "It's either fight the hurricanes here or fight the
tornadoes up north."

David Reeves, dressed in the blue jumpsuit of the oil-services firm he
works for, was also anxious to get through the roadblock to check on
his house.  Asked if he would rebuild, he smiled and nodded enthusiast-
ically.

"It's home. We were born and raised here. We're marsh rats."

Developments

The death toll from Rita reached at least nine after five members of a
Texas family were found dead in a Beaumont apartment, victims of
carbon-monoxide poisoning from a generator used during the storm, and
a 43-year-old man and a 56-year-old woman in Liberty County, Texas,
died when a tree crushed their mobile home.

A steady stream of people were brought by small boats from flooded
sections in Terrebonne Parish, La., where nearly 9,900 homes were
severely damaged.  The Office of Emergency Preparedness said the
floodwaters were going down in most areas.

More than 110,000 people living in Beaumont, Tex., were urged not to
return home, since water, electricity, telephone and sewer services
will not be restored for weeks.

About 300,000 customers were without power in Louisiana, and 250,000
in Texas, a number cut in half since the storm hit.

At least 16 Texas oil refineries remained shut down, but just one
faces weeks of repairs.

U.S. President George W. Bush urged Americans to cut back on unnecess-
ary travel to make up for fuel shortages. "We can all pitch in by
being better conservers of energy," he said, but that didn't mean
curtailing his plans to return to the region this week. He also said
the government was ready to release fuel from its emergency oil
stockpile to alleviate high prices.

The army used Blackhawk helicopters equipped with satellite-
positioning systems to search for up to 30,000 head of roaming cattle
amid fears as many as 4,000 may have been killed in Cameron Parish
alone, where ranchers on horseback struggled to herd animals into
corrals attached to pickup trucks.

Copyright 2005 Bell Globemedia Publishing Inc. 
The Globe and Mail Newspaper.

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------------------------------

From: Maria L. LaGanga/Lianne Hart  <latimes@telecom-digest.org> 
Subject: Houston Returns to Normal
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2005 17:34:05 -0500


By Maria L. La Ganga and Lianne Hart  Times Staff Writers

HOUSTON - After being cooped up for four days with two bored
teenagers, Jan Odom walked into an Anthropologie store Sunday,
surveyed the racks of clothing and made an announcement: "I've got
cabin fever."

"Golly, we've been holed up since Wednesday night," the 56-year-old
attorney said as she shopped in one of the few stores in the River
Oaks neighborhood open for business in the wake of Hurricane Rita.

"Most of our friends evacuated, got halfway and came back. We braced
for the worst and it didn't happen. I've about had it with 16-year-
olds. I needed just to get out. How many times can you nap?"

As the Houston area began to inch toward normal Sunday, the journey
home started in earnest for the million-plus residents who had left
town. The return has been less harrowing than their frantic exodus,
when the 230-mile drive to Dallas took as much as 24 hours. Still, the
region's traffic followed considerably as the day progressed and more
impatient evacuees headed back.

Some gas stations, restocked with precious fuel, saw long lines and
fraying tempers in the enervating heat.

Gasoline is the commodity of the hour here in America's Energy
Central.  Dwindling supplies hampered the hurricane evacuation as
residents left their homes, got stuck on crowded freeways and found
themselves out of fuel on the side of the road. And it shaped the way
they came back.

Grocery stores able to staff up, restock and open their doors Sunday
faced jams and jockeying that rivaled that on any freeway. Others
planned to reopen in coming days as supplies and employees made their
way back.  Airports resumed service, stranded hotel guests began to
check out, and restaurants prepared to reopen.

Many Houstonians who ventured out into their reawakening city had a
shopping list, a story to tell and an itch to talk. They told of
aborted evacuations and the futile search for gas, of stranded loved
ones and highway horrors and meltdowns in the grocery aisle as Rita
approached.

"When I went to the grocery store Wednesday, there was no water,"
Susan Bryan, 30, recalled as she happily shopped Sunday at Central
Market on Westheimer Road. "I put a few cans in my cart. I knew they
were things I wouldn't eat. I left the cart. I was overwhelmed. People
were pushing and shoving. I left the store. I thought I'd rather get
out of town than eat steak and cheese soup."

That was pretty much all that was left when Bryan tried to put up
supplies in advance of the hurricane. The lack of groceries was one
reason that the cancer research assistant and her husband, an accountant,
packed their dogs into the car and left for San Antonio at 3:40 a.m. Thursday.

They spent 11 hours on a traffic-choked back road, saw an aggressive
driver of an SUV hit a good Samaritan trying to help save a dog,
managed to drive only 18 miles, gave up and returned to their low-lying
home, empty refrigerator and approaching storm.

On Sunday, the Bryans filled their shopping cart with produce, meat,
beer, wine, milk -- the kinds of things that had been hard to find
since many stores shut down Wednesday night. "It felt nice to have
things on the shelf and be able to buy them," Bryan said. "I don't
think we bought one canned good."

Novelist Kathleen Cambor headed straight to the produce section
Sunday, when Central Market finally reopened. "We haven't had a green
salad in four days," she said. "This is what we really want -- fruit
and perishables."

Unlike those who hoarded necessities as the storm bore down, Cambor
said she found herself "buying too little." During Hurricane Alicia in
1983, she was without electricity for 10 days, and her food-filled
freezer became a disgusting swamp.

This time "I didn't want to contend with wasting a lot of stuff," she
said.  "I didn't think we'd starve ... On Thursday, there were people
buying incredible things you can't imagine they'd ever eat -- like
five boxes of cookies."

David Fine, president of St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, was also
restocking his family's kitchen Sunday. Unlike most other Houstonians,
however, his mind has been on more than feeding just his family.

As Rita approached the region Wednesday, the hospital was able to
evacuate about 250 of its healthier patients. That left 400 to be fed
and cared for - along with staff and their families. But the
hospital's final deliveries of food, medicine and other essential
supplies never materialized. Fine was faced with a crisis when the
hospital's own contractors didn't show.

The hospital called another medical supply company, Owens & Minor,
which sent four-wheel-drive vehicles filled with warehoused goods. "We
had critically ill patients that, without these supplies, would have
been terribly compromised," Fine said.

Food was trickier and involved a bit of breaking and entering. There
is a McDonald's in the neighboring Texas Children's Hospital, but the
fast-food outlet had already closed for the hurricane. Grocer's
Supply, a nearby wholesaler, had also shut down.

"We contacted McDonald's and got permission to break into their
freezer," Fine said. Grocer's Supply gave "their permission to break
in and take all of the canned goods and dry goods we needed. Our
biggest issue now is that a lot of employees would come back but can't
get gas. So we're sending vans to rendezvous points to pick them up."

Scattered gas stations across Houston had been restocked with fuel by
Sunday morning, but widespread supplies won't arrive until the
independent contractors who truck gasoline from refineries coordinate
with gas station owners, City Councilman Michael Berry said.

"It's a Catch-22," Berry said, because the contractors won't deliver
gas unless the station owners open their stores, and station owners
won't open unless they know the gas will come. Berry planned to meet
with trade associations for both groups Sunday evening.

Drivers lined up early at a Shell station in Houston's swank Galleria
neighborhood, which had ample supplies on this day of deep scarcity. 
By 9:30 a.m., cars were snaking out of the station up two busy
streets, as drivers conserved fuel in the blistering heat by turning
off their air conditioners.

The day before, police had been called to the station to keep order
after long lines snarled traffic and an unruly customer pulled a steel
bar to assault a driver who had tried to cut him off, said Khalid
Noutfji, Shell's area supervisor. To prove his point, he pulled out
his cellphone and scrolled through the pictures he'd snapped of
officers at the pumps.

Tracee Durst, 28, fanned herself with a piece of paper as she sat in
her Chevy Malibu with the windows down, her T-shirt rolled up to cool
a stomach beaded with sweat. The National Weather Service pegged
Sunday's heat index -- a combination of temperature and humidity -- at
more than 111 degrees here.  It felt at least that in her car.

She yelled into her cellphone to her best friend: "Stacy, I just found
gas!"  She had been searching for two hours, after a futile hunt the
day before.  Her gas gauge was "on E," she said. "That's why the car
is off. I'm about to die. I may be pushing it in a little bit."

Durst was also low on groceries. "We cooked up everything [Friday]
night in case the electricity went off, baked a cake for Rita, a toast
to her: 'Please, just go around us.' "

Apparently it worked, because the storm delivered only a glancing blow
to Houston. The city still has extensive power outages, and telephone
service is sluggish at best, but the expected wind and flood damage
failed to occur as Rita went east instead.

Hard-hit East Texas is where Regina Hamilton's husband is
stranded. With him away, Hamilton had left her home in a flood zone to
stay with a daughter and six other relatives. Even though Rita had
come and gone, the extended family remained together to conserve their
food.

Hamilton, whose battered Oldsmobile Ciera had nearly a full tank of
gas, and two grandsons were sitting in the heat at the Shell station
to top off, because "we don't know when we'll get any more."

She said her husband had no gas for his vehicle. "I need to get some
in these two cans in case I have to take it to him so he can get
home."

To smooth the drive home for the millions who left the Gulf Coast
before the hurricane, the state cobbled together a plan to stagger
their reentry over several days. But officials acknowledge that there
is no way to enforce it.  However, school districts are planning to
reopen throughout the week, taking pressure off families to get back.

"It looks to me like it's working," said Houston Mayor Bill White,
talking about the plan during a Sunday morning briefing. "Look, if
you're going to have millions of vehicles going on the highways, am I
going to predict no traffic jam in the next three days? Obviously
not. There will be a bunch of vehicles moving, and all it takes is one
stalled or wrecked vehicle to create a backup."

Traffic within the Houston city limits was relatively swift throughout
the day. The slower going was farther north, stretching from about the
Dallas area to around Huntsville, about 160 miles.

Luciano Barron, a 28-year-old landscaper, had left Houston on Thursday
for Denton, about 40 miles northwest of Dallas, in a seven-pickup
caravan with a score of family members. The drive took them 20
hours. Coming back, most of them made it in five hours.

What slowing there was had ebbed by Huntsville, Barron said as he
waited by the side of Interstate 45 with a flat tire just north of
Houston.

"My son called and said he's already home. He said the road is clear"
in the final stretch, Barron said. "There's no problem."

Copyright 2005 Los Angeles Times

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------------------------------

From: Jeffrey Goldfarb <reuters@telecom-digest.org>  
Subject: Did You Say Dogging or Blogging? Brits Confused
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2005 17:24:15 -0500


By Jeffrey Goldfarb

Proponents of the latest Web trends were warned on Tuesday that the
rest of the world may not have a clue what they are talking about.

A survey of British taxi drivers, pub landlords and hairdressers --
often seen as barometers of popular trends -- found that nearly 90
percent had no idea what a podcast is and more than 70 percent had
never heard of blogging.

"When I asked the panel whether people were talking about blogging,
they thought I meant dogging," said Sarah Carter, the planning
director at ad firm DDB London.

Dogging is the phenomenon of watching couples have sex in
semi-secluded places such as out-of-town car parks. News of such
events are often spread on Web sites or by using mobile phone text
messages.

More people (56 percent) understood the phrase "happy slapping" -- a
teenage craze that involves assaulting people while capturing it on
video with their mobile phones -- than podcasting (12 percent) or
blogging (28 percent).

"Our research not only shows that there is no buzz about blogging and
podcasting outside of our media industry bubble, but also that people
have no understanding of what the words mean," Carter said. "It's a
real wake-up call."

A blog, short for Web log, is an online journal, while podcasting is a
method of publishing audio programs over the Internet -- a name
derived from combining iPod, Apple's popular digital music player,
with broadcasting, even though portable devices are not necessary to
listen to a podcast.

DDB, a unit of New York-based advertising group Omnicom, said the
survey results indicate that agencies may be pushing their clients to
use new technology -- that is, to advertise on the new media formats
 -- too quickly.

"We spend too much time talking to ourselves in this industry, rather
than getting out there and finding out what's really going on in the
world," DDB's chief strategy officer David Hackworthy said.


Copyright 2005 Reuters Limited. 

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More news headlines and stories at:
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------------------------------

From: Randolph E. Schmid <ap@telecom-digest.org> 
Subject: Effect of Greenhouse Gasses Rising
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2005 17:28:39 -0500


By RANDOLPH E. SCHMID, Associated Press Writer

The effect of greenhouse gases on the Earth's atmosphere has increased
20 percent since 1990, a new government index says.

The Annual Greenhouse Gas Index was released Tuesday by the Climate
Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory in Boulder, Colo.

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide accumulate in the atmosphere
as a result of industrial and other processes. They can help trap
solar heat, somewhat like a greenhouse, resulting in a gradual warming
of the Earth's atmosphere.

The Earth's average temperature increased about 1 degree Fahrenheit
during the 20th century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
warns that continuing increases could have serious effects on crops,
glaciers, the spread of disease, rising sea levels and other changes.

In its new analysis the laboratory, a branch of the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, compares the amounts of carbon
dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and chlorofluorocarbons in the
air. Those gases have been sampled for many years.

The index was set to a reading of 1 as of 1990 and the lab said it is
currently 1.20, indicating an increase of 20 percent.

"The AGGI will serve as a gauge of success or failure of future
efforts to curb carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas increases in
the atmosphere both by natural and human-engineered processes," said
David Hofmann, CMDL director.

The index is expected to be updated each April.

"This index provides us with a valuable benchmark for tracking the
composition of the atmosphere as we seek to better understand the
dynamics of Earth's climate," said NOAA Administrator Conrad
C. Lautenbacher, Jr.

In the current reading, for every million air molecules there are
about 375 carbon dioxide molecules, two are methane and less than one
is a nitrous oxide molecule. The CFC's make up less than one molecule
in a billion in the atmosphere but play a role in regulating Earth's
climate and are a key factor in the depletion of the protective ozone
layer, NOAA researchers say.

The gases produce an effect known as radiative forcing. It is a shift
in the balance between solar radiation coming into the atmosphere and
Earth's radiation going out. Radiative forcing, as measured by the
index, is calculated from the atmospheric concentration of each
contributing gas and the per-molecule climate forcing of each gas.

The lab said most of the increase measured since 1990 is due to carbon
dioxide, which now accounts for about 62 percent of the radiative
forcing by all long-lived greenhouse gases.

NOAA said the 1990 baseline was chosen because greenhouse gas
emissions targeted by the international Kyoto Protocol also are
indexed to 1990. Although many/most countries have agreed to be
bound by the standards outlined in the international Kyoto
Protocol, United States president George Bush has repudiated it,
and refused to participate. 

On the Net:
NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Lab: http://www.cmdl.noaa.gov

Copyright 2005 The Associated Press. 

NOTE: For more telecom/internet/networking/computer news from the
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Also see headlines and stories at http://telecom-digest.org/td-extra/AP.html

------------------------------

Date: 27 Sep 2005 19:05:40 -0000
From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
Subject: Re: Why is VOIP Getting Hot Now?
Organization: I.E.C.C., Trumansburg NY USA


> I am looking for some insight on this VOIP thing.  Why is it, seems
> to me, getting hot now?

Because there is now enough consumer broadband to make a market on top
of which it can piggyback.

R's,

John

------------------------------


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Visit http://www.mstm.okstate.edu and take the next step in your
career with a Master of Science in Telecommunications Management
(MSTM) degree from Oklahoma State University (OSU). This 35
credit-hour interdisciplinary program is designed to give you the
skills necessary to manage telecommunications networks, including
data, video, and voice networks.

The MSTM degree draws on the expertise of the OSU's College
of Business Administration; the College of Arts and Sciences; and the
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology. The program has
state-of-the-art lab facilities on the Stillwater and Tulsa campus
offering hands-on learning to enhance the program curriculum.  Classes
are available in Stillwater, Tulsa, or through distance learning.

Please contact Jay Boyington for additional information at
405-744-9000, mstm-osu@okstate.edu, or visit the MSTM web site at
http://www.mstm.okstate.edu

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End of TELECOM Digest V24 #440
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