From editor@telecom-digest.org Mon Oct 25 17:15:56 2004 Received: (from ptownson@localhost) by massis.lcs.mit.edu (8.11.6p3/8.11.6) id i9PLFtN19142; Mon, 25 Oct 2004 17:15:56 -0400 (EDT) Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 17:15:56 -0400 (EDT) From: editor@telecom-digest.org Message-Id: <200410252115.i9PLFtN19142@massis.lcs.mit.edu> X-Authentication-Warning: massis.lcs.mit.edu: ptownson set sender to editor@telecom-digest.org using -f To: ptownson Approved: patsnewlist Subject: TELECOM Digest V23 #513 TELECOM Digest Mon, 25 Oct 2004 17:15:00 EDT Volume 23 : Issue 513 Inside This Issue: Editor: Patrick A. Townson Telecom Update (Canada) #454, October 25, 2004 (Angus TeleManagement) CLIP and Call Forwarding (Bart) Testing MMS (ruchit garg) Re: 'K' v. 'W' Television Station Callsigns (Mark Roberts) Re: 'K' v. 'W' Television Station Callsigns (Neal McLain) Re: 'K' v. 'W' Television Station Callsigns (J. Kelly) Re: Home Phones Face Uncertain Future (Mark Roberts) Re: Old Stock Quotation Things? (Mark Roberts) Take the Trouble to Block WiFi Poachers (Monty Solomon) All contents here are copyrighted by Patrick Townson and the individual writers/correspondents. Articles may be used in other journals or newsgroups, provided the writer's name and the Digest are included in the fair use quote. By using -any name or email address- included herein for -any- reason other than responding to an article herein, you agree to pay a hundred dollars to the recipients of the email. =========================== Addresses herein are not to be added to any mailing list, nor to be sold or given away without explicit written consent. Chain letters, viruses, porn, spam, and miscellaneous junk are definitely unwelcome. We must fight spam for the same reason we fight crime: not because we are naive enough to believe that we will ever stamp it out, but because we do not want the kind of world that results when no one stands against crime. Geoffrey Welsh =========================== See the bottom of this issue for subscription and archive details and the name of our lawyer; other stuff of interest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 10:25:51 -0400 From: Angus TeleManagement Subject: Telecom Update (Canada) #454, October 25, 2004 ************************************************************ TELECOM UPDATE ************************************************************ published weekly by Angus TeleManagement Group http://www.angustel.ca Number 454: October 25, 2004 Publication of Telecom Update is made possible by generous financial support from: ** ALLSTREAM: www.allstream.com ** AVAYA: www.avaya.ca/en/ ** BELL CANADA: www.bell.ca ** CISCO SYSTEMS CANADA: www.cisco.com/ca/ ** ERICSSON: www.ericsson.ca ** MITEL NETWORKS: www.mitel.com/ ** SPRINT CANADA: www.sprint.ca ** UTC CANADA: www.canada.utc.org/ ************************************************************ IN THIS ISSUE: ** Rogers Matches Bell $5 LD Offer ** Bell Wins Olympics Sponsorship ** Rogers Offers BlackBerry 7290 ** Utility Telcos to Merge ** C-Com Boosts Satellite Internet Speeds ** Mitec Consolidates R&D ** Qwest Pays $250 Million Fraud Penalty ** Telecom Management Awards Announced ** Telus Wants No-Contract Centrex ** FCI Adds 8-Mbps Internet ** Judge Orders Infolink CEO to Resign ** Bell Appoints New Head of Operations ** Primus Manager Joins Vonage ** New Minacs Call Centre in Pickering ** CANARIE Holds Applications Workshop ** Profits Grow at Cogeco, Shaw ** A User Voice in Telecom Policy ============================================================ ROGERS MATCHES BELL $5 LD OFFER: Rogers Communications has become a long distance reseller, offering 100 minutes of North American LD for 5 cents a minute, and the next 900 minutes for free. This effectively matches Bell Canada's recently announced $5 for 1,000 minutes plan. (See Telecom Update #438) ** Rogers $5 LD is available only to customers who sign two- year contracts on a "Better Choice Bundle" for two of Internet, premium cable, or postpaid wireless service. BELL WINS OLYMPICS SPONSORSHIP: Bell Canada has been named the premier sponsor of the Vancouver 2010 Olympic games and of the Canadian Olympic Team for Olympic events through 2012. Bell's bid included $60 million in telecom infrastructure and $90 million in cash, beating out a Telus proposal that included $50 million in cash. ** Telus said it was disappointed but noted that it would be contributing to the Olympic team effort through ongoing amateur sports sponsorships. ROGERS OFFERS BLACKBERRY 7290: Rogers Wireless and Research In Motion have launched the BlackBerry 7290 in Canada. The device includes a quad-band phone, Bluetooth support, a brighter colour screen, and increased memory, as well as the standard BlackBerry e-mail features. Price: $599.99, less a $150 mail-in rebate. ** Rogers also says it will begin selling RIM's consumer- focused 7100 model in Canada "in the coming weeks." Pricing has not been announced. ** Last week RIM publicly demonstrated a BlackBerry that incorporates Wi-Fi connectivity, scheduled for release in 2005. UTILITY TELCOS TO MERGE: FibreWired, the telecom division of Hamilton Hydro, and Fibre Tech Telecom, a joint venture of three Waterloo region utilities, are merging. Their combined networks include more than 1,100 km of fibre. C-COM BOOSTS SATELLITE INTERNET SPEEDS: Ottawa based C-Com Satellite Systems says its new satellite-based mobile Internet services, developed in conjunction with RAMTelecom, will be able to deliver upload speeds of up to 1.15 Mbps and download speeds of up to 60 Mbps. MITEC CONSOLIDATES R&D: Wireless component maker Mitec Telecom is closing R&D centres in New Jersey and the UK, moving the work to Montreal and China. Overall R&D employment is unchanged. QWEST PAYS $250 MILLION FRAUD PENALTY: U.S. telco Qwest Communications has agreed to pay a US$250 million penalty to settle a complaint by the Securities and Exchange Commission that it engaged in accounting fraud involving more than $4 billion in misstated revenue and expenses. TELECOM MANAGEMENT AWARDS ANNOUNCED: Last week's Telemanagement Live conference featured the Management & Industry Commitment awards, in recognition of "great end-user achievements demonstrated through outstanding technology deployments and enhanced management practices." The 2004 winners are: ** Cost Recovery Project of the Year: Glen Ryan, Johnson Insurance ** Most Innovative Project of the Year: Oleg Khaev, De Beers Canada ** IP Project of the Year: Dave Dobbin, Telecom Ottawa ** Wireless Project of the Year: Chris Taylor, Metro Toronto Convention Centre ** Telecom Manager of the Year: Rick Adams, City of Coquitlam TELUS WANTS NO-CONTRACT CENTREX: If a tariff notice filed by Telus last week is approved, Provincial Centrex Service in Alberta will be available on a non-contract basis for all customers, not just those with 99 or fewer lines. ** Telus also wants to introduce Automatic Contract Renewal for Provincial Centrex Service customers in Alberta and B.C. www.crtc.gc.ca/8740/eng/2004/t42/tn539.doc FCI ADDS 8-Mbps INTERNET: FCI Broadband has begun offering 8 Mbps Internet access service to its residential customers in the Greater Toronto Area. A bundle including that and local telephone service is $54/month. JUDGE ORDERS INFOLINK CEO TO RESIGN: An Ontario court has ordered the CEO of Infolink Technologies to resign, following allegations that he misused $250,000 in company funds for personal benefit. Cesar Correia, who owns about one-third of Infolink's shares, denies the charges, but has agreed to repay $100,000. ** Infolink recently won a controversial CRTC ruling that allows it to send advertising to consumers' voicemail boxes without ringing their phones. (See Telecom Update #452) BELL APPOINTS NEW HEAD OF OPERATIONS: Bell Canada has named EVP Patrick Pichette as President, Operations, replacing David Southwell, who is retiring. PRIMUS MANAGER JOINS VONAGE: Joe Parent, who until recently was with Primus Telecommunications Canada, has joined Vonage Canada as Vice-President, Marketing & Business Development. NEW MINACS CALL CENTRE IN PICKERING: Call centre outsourcer Minacs Worldwide has leased a 54,000 square foot building in Pickering, Ontario, to expand its services to "a Canadian telecommunications client." The company says it will install 400 workstations in the building and hire 200 new employees over the next three months. CANARIE HOLDS APPLICATIONS WORKSHOP: CANARIE is holding a free workshop in Toronto November 4-5 to demonstrate new network applications developed in federally funded programs. For information on "Showing Results, Sharing Knowledge," go to www.canarie.ca/conferences/fall_series/index.html. PROFITS GROW AT COGECO, SHAW: During the quarter ended August 31: ** Cogeco Cable's net income was $6.5 million, three times higher than in the same period a year ago. Sales were $133 million, a 5.2% increase. Cogeco lost 2,493 basic service customers and gained 5,190 Internet customers during the quarter. ** Shaw Communications had net income of $28.9 million, compared to $4.4 million a year earlier. Service revenue grew 5.9% to $532 million. Basic cable subscribers increased by 5,830, and Internet customers by 23,488. A USER VOICE IN TELECOM POLICY: This month's Telemanagement features an exclusive interview with Ian Russell, chair of the Coalition for Competitive Telecommunications Pricing, explaining how and why business customers are again playing an important role in CRTC proceedings and government telecom policy. ** Also in this issue: John Riddell on Open Source alternatives for IP-PBXs and IP-Centrex; how to get corporate wireless bills under control; and Lis Angus's comprehensive report on the issues in the VoIP regulation debate. ** For a one-year subscription, including unlimited access to Telemanagement's extensive online content, visit www.angustel.ca/teleman/tm-sub-online.html or phone 800- 263-4415 ext 500. ============================================================ HOW TO SUBMIT ITEMS FOR TELECOM UPDATE E-MAIL: editors@angustel.ca FAX: 905-686-2655 MAIL: TELECOM UPDATE Angus TeleManagement Group 8 Old Kingston Road Ajax, Ontario Canada L1T 2Z7 =========================================================== HOW TO SUBSCRIBE (OR UNSUBSCRIBE) TELECOM UPDATE is provided in electronic form only. There are two formats available: 1. The fully-formatted edition is posted on the World Wide Web on the first business day of the week at www.angustel.ca 2. The e-mail edition is distributed free of charge. To subscribe, send an e-mail message to: join-telecom_update@nova.sparklist.com To stop receiving the e-mail edition, send an e-mail message to: leave-telecom_update@nova.sparklist.com Sending e-mail to these addresses will automatically add or remove the sender's e-mail address from the list. Leave subject line and message area blank. We do not give Telecom Update subscribers' e-mail addresses to any third party. For more information, see www.angustel.ca/update/privacy.html. =========================================================== COPYRIGHT AND CONDITIONS OF USE: All contents copyright 2004 Angus TeleManagement Group Inc. All rights reserved. For further information, including permission to reprint or reproduce, please e-mail rosita@angustel.ca or phone 905-686-5050 ext 500. The information and data included has been obtained from sources which we believe to be reliable, but Angus TeleManagement makes no warranties or representations whatsoever regarding accuracy, completeness, or adequacy. Opinions expressed are based on interpretation of available information, and are subject to change. If expert advice on the subject matter is required, the services of a competent professional should be obtained. ------------------------------ From: bart_deboeck@hotmail.com (Bart) Subject: CLIP and Call Forwarding Date: 25 Oct 2004 07:18:02 -0700 Organization: http://groups.google.com Given the following setup : Party A calls Party B, and Party B forwards this call to Party C. Is it possible for party C to see the CLIP of party A and party B ? According to my operator, C should see the CLIP of party A. I wonder whether party C can also see the CLIP of party B. If it is not possible to pass the CLIP information during forwarding, does there exist any other setup which allows party C to see the CLIP of party A and B ? Thanks, Bart ------------------------------ From: ruchitgarg@yahoo.com (ruchit garg) Subject: Testing MMS Date: 25 Oct 2004 06:50:58 -0700 Organization: http://groups.google.com Hi, I want send a MMS and SMS from my PC to my cell phone. Is there any free/evalutaion APIs available to test run the applications? Ruchit ------------------------------ From: markrobt@comcast.net (Mark Roberts) Subject: Re: 'K' v. 'W' Television Station Callsigns Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 04:06:02 -0000 Organization: 1.94 meters Robert Bonomi had written: > Yes, a public-university-owned =commercial= broadcast station is > _unusual_. As a network affiliate of a commercial network (the *only* > kind of 'network' TV in those days :), it was _very_ unusual, possibly > even =unique=. It's not unique. KOMU-TV was and is still owned by the University of Missouri, and is the NBC affiliate for Columbia and Jefferson City. From 1953 until 1956, it was the only station in the area and carried all three networks. From 1956 until 1971, it was also the secondary ABC affiliate for the market. Its newsroom is staffed by School of Journalism instructors and students, who report and produce the station's newscasts. It had a jam-packed schedule, with the late afternoon "downtime" from the network being filled with ABC programming. Likewise, the "Tonight Show" was joined in progress at 11 pm for many, many years in order to fit an ABC program in at 10:30 pm. It also had the dubious distinction of being the last NBC affiliate to go full-color, in 1973. (Network programs and films were in color from the early 1960s but KOMU's studio cameras were monochrome until 1973.) The station originally proposed a 50% commercial and 50% noncommercial schedule to the FCC. The FCC said, "either one or the other". The University felt it could not financially support a non-commercial station and chose the commercial option. > Looks like memory has played me false on this one. Further checking > shows it has always belonged to Loyola University, in New Orleans. > (I'm going to have to do some more digging on this -- I'm _sure_ that > WWL was in the Cedar Rapids/Waterloo metro area in the 50's-70's. "I > may be wrong, but I'm not uncertain" applies :) It was always KWWL. There was a big fight between KXEL and a local entrepreneur over the channel 7 allocation. The entrepreneur won. Jeff Stein's history of Iowa broadcasting has the complete play-by-play. Mark Roberts | "You'll know gas prices are hurting when you see headlines Oakland, Cal.| about plunging sales of sport utility vehicles." NO HTML MAIL | -- Floyd Norris, New York Times, October 23, 2004 ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 24 Oct 2004 20:36:25 -0500 From: Neal McLain Subject: Re: 'K' v. 'W' Television Station Callsigns Robert Bonomi wrote (in his list of K/W exceptions): > WRTH St. Louis, Missouri I wrote: > The FCC has no record of this callsign. Robert responded: > *THAT* is a surprise! Considering ... > My cribsheet says "1430 AM, St. Louis". I was surprised too when I discovered my own stupid mistake (see TD V23:506). Robert continued: > _that_ "rule" adds at least half-a-dozen 'out-of-place' > 'W' stations to the list. Including places such as > Duluth, MN. :) > If you're going to put all of MN in the 'K' district, > there are at least another half-a-dozen 'W' call-signs > worthy of being listed. As far east as Duluth. My original list of television stations (as published in TD V23:505) identifies nine such exceptions, including three in (or near) Duluth. If there are more than these nine, please let me know their callsigns and I'll add them to the list. W61AF Grand Marais MN W62DB Minneapolis MN WBWX-CA Minneapolis MN WCCO-TV WCCO-DT Minneapolis MN WCMN-LP Saint Cloud MN WDIO-TV WDIO-DT Duluth MN WDSE WDSE-DT Duluth MN WFTC WFTC-DT Minneapolis MN WIRT WIRT-DT Hibbing MN In any case, I'm sure you'll agree that there would be far more exceptions if the river itself were the dividing line. Furthermore, if the river were the line, where would we put Bemidji -- east or west? Pat wrote: > [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: When you discuss WLTE or other > 'W' stations in Minnesota, maybe the reason for the 'W' there > is because the Mississippi River only begins part way into > Minnesota; a bit south of St. Paul (or actually Bay City, WI) > where the water is just a small stream and becomes known as the > 'Mississippi River'. Most of Minnesota has nothing to do with > the river. PAT] As a named river, the Mississippi River originates at Lake Itasca in Clearwater County, Minnesota. From there, it flows north, past Bemidji, makes a u-turn, then heads south. It becomes the Minnesota-Wisconsin state line near Hastings. Neal McLain ------------------------------ From: J Kelly Subject: Re: 'K' v. 'W' Television Station Callsigns Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 12:56:58 -0500 On Sun, 24 Oct 2004 01:18:22 +0000, bonomi@host122.r-bonomi.com (Robert Bonomi) wrote: > WOI-TV was in operation _long_ before 'Iowa Public Television' came > into existence. In point of fact, WOI-TV was the _first_ TV station > in the state broadcasting on a regular schedule. WOI was in fact on way before Iowa Public Television. IPTV began in 1969 when the State Educational Radio and Television Facility Board purchased KDPS-TV (Des Moines Public Schools) Channel 11 in Des Moines and changed the callsign to KDIN-TV. The network was known as Iowa Educational Broadcasting Network (IEBN). Seven other stations followed over the next 8 years, and one more was added in 2003 when they acquired channel 36 in Davenport. In 1976 the name was changed to Iowa Public Broadcasting Network, and was changed to Iowa Public Television in 1982. >>> WMT Cedar Rapids, Iowa >> WMT(AM) and WMT-FM only; sister TV is KGAN(TV), formerly WMT-TV. Yes, at one time sister stations, WMT AM is now owned by Clear Channel, and Sinclair Broadcast Group owns KGAN-TV. I'm not sure if they really consider themselves sisters anmore, I believe WMT AM uses KWWL-TV's weather guys on the air. > [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: When you discuss WLTE or other 'W' > stations in Minnesota, maybe the reason for the 'W' there is because > the Mississipi River only begins part way into Minnesota; a bit south > of St. Paul (or actually Bay City, WI) where the water is just a small > stream and becomes known as the 'Mississippi River'. Most of Minnesota > has nothing to do with the river. PAT] Wrong. The Mississippi starts near Bemidji, Minnesota at Itasca State Park. I once stood in the headwaters where it begins as a small stream. See: http://www.visitbemidji.com/itasca_state_park.html ------------------------------ From: markrobt@comcast.net (Mark Roberts) Subject: Re: Home Phones Face Uncertain Future Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 02:39:05 -0000 Organization: 1.94 meters Rick Merrill had written: > Lisa Minter wrote: >> Nokia in the UK seems to feel landline phones will be gone entirely >> in the next few years, at least in many countries, replaced by >> cellular phones. Check out this link: >> The fixed line phone in the home could soon disappear, a study by >> mobile firm Nokia shows. >> < http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/em/fr/-/1/hi/technology/3762844.stm > > As unbelievable as it seems to us today, land lines in the USA ten (10) > years from now (2004) will probably down 60% yet total phones will have > increased by 30%. How? Cell phones obviously, but also VoIP is poised to > expand very rapidly. Why? Widespread availability of broad band and > virtually NO REGULATION (as compared to land line phones) ==> Half the > Cost of today's "land line phones" for home and business. - RM Not just VOIP, though it certainly is poised to become a player. (Five cents a minute to Europe on Vonage is hard to beat, even with Vonage's sometimes-inflexible policies. But I now see that Packet8 offers *two* cents a minute to some countries in Europe!) Anyhow, the PSTN still offers two things that aren't true for cell phones: ubiquity and reliability. While cell phones may *seem* to be nearly ubiquitous, there are a *lot* of areas with poor coverage. Where I live in Oakland, California, only two carriers manage to put in a signal -- and those only sporadically. And that's not the only spot in the Bay Area with poor cellphone coverage. Likewise, VOIP relies upon "somebody else" to provide data transport. If that "somebody else" is a two-way cable connection, you'll lose it during power outages. While Comcast is pretty good about rolling a truck to our area whenever our power goes out which, thanks to the poor maintenance practices of PG&E is distressingly common during winter storms, you still can't do anything without power to the cable modem. Similar considerations apply to DSL, though a UPS might keep you going for a little longer. All of these considerations mean that we are keeping our two landlines. We have them on measured-rate service and have no custom-calling features, but in a pinch, we're sure they'll be there -- something that can't be said for cell phones or VOIP. Mark Roberts | "You'll know gas prices are hurting when you see headlines Oakland, Cal.| about plunging sales of sport utility vehicles." NO HTML MAIL | -- Floyd Norris, New York Times, October 23, 2004 ------------------------------ From: markrobt@comcast.net (Mark Roberts) Subject: Re: Old Stock Quotation Things? Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 03:54:33 -0000 Organization: 1.94 meters AES/newspost had written: > Surely brings to mind the big noisy rotating "card flip-over" > mechanical displays that used to display arriving and departing > flights in major airports -- maybe still do in some cases. They are still in use at railway-station platforms on the Dutch national railways. I don't believe these were "Solari boards" which functioned on a similar principle and were often used on TV game shows to keep score. Mark Roberts | "You'll know gas prices are hurting when you see headlines Oakland, Cal.| about plunging sales of sport utility vehicles." NO HTML MAIL | -- Floyd Norris, New York Times, October 23, 2004 ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 25 Oct 2004 15:49:43 -0400 From: Monty Solomon Subject: Take the Trouble to Block WiFi Poachers By Hiawatha Bray If you have wireless Internet access at home, your next-door neighbor could have it as well, without paying for it. He can just use yours. No problem if he's just shopping on Amazon.com or e-mailing Grandma. But what if he's sending spam messages or downloading kiddie porn? It happens, and that should surprise nobody. WiFi wireless networking systems can provide Internet service up to 300 feet away, with signals that can punch through brick walls. So anybody within range can get a taste of your bandwidth, and use it for any purpose, noble or malignant. It's up to them. Actually it's up to you. With a little effort, you can seal off your WiFi router from unwelcome guests. If you leave it unprotected, it could become a hangout for a variety of digital sleazebags. http://www.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2004/10/25/take_the_trouble_to_block_wifi_poachers/ [TELECOM Digest Editor's Note: I have some comments and questions about this: On my Wi-fi card (Netgear MA-521, 32-bit cardbus) I was lucky for a while to get twenty feet away, in other words, my computer area and into the next room. But I could barely get outside my house, and certainly not into my parlor or my bedroom. A cheap piece of cardboard and tinfoil (serving as a reflector to push the signal around helped with that.) Now I can get my parlor/bedroom areas, my back porch/back yard and *most* of my front yard. I have noticed that when I get out to the sidewalk on the street in front of my house, when my signal is still there but mostly unuseable, on the 'site survey' tab on the MA-521 diagnostics, I see listed not only my base unit, but also the base unit of the guy directly across the street from me. I can move my mouse onto either of these locations (mine or his), click for connection and connect with either one. I assume this is how 'hackers' (i.e. spammers, kiddie-porn downloaders) work, am I correct? When I have clicked on his base-station (and like mine, he gets maybe a couple hundred feet, out into the street and onto the sidewalk on *my side* then his gives out also) I get a message on my screen saying 'to connect with this channel please enter the proper encryption.' I use 128-bit encryption, which I guess is what he uses also. Right or wrong? I have no idea what *he* uses for encryption and I surely have not told anyone what I use. I am not going to sit out on the sidewalk in front of my house, which the one place I can contact his station and try to hack out his encryption password, etc. I would not have the patience for it. But unlike him, I guess, I also told my base station 'do not broadcast your own name'. Tell me if I am correct: when I get to the one point on the sidewalk where I can pick him up, my 'site survey' not only lists me, but also lists him. I assume -- tell me if right or wrong -- if some other person with a WiFi card (other than *myself*) came to the same spot they would see his station -- 2WIRE895 -- waiting for someone to provide the proper encryption, but they would NOT see me. Right or wrong? I see myself listed, because it is me, but having it set to 'not broadcast your own name' keeps others from seeing me. Right or wrong? Now what else should I do, or can I do within reason, to stay protected? The house next door to me, across the alley to the west is vacant. But let's say tomorrow it got rented to 'hackers', spammers and kiddie- pornography downloaders; yes, unlikely, but still ... unlike the house across the street where distance separates us, the house across the alley from me *is* within radio range; a warm, comfortable, off-the-street, out of your car hiding place. Is there anything I can do other than 'do not broadcast your name' and 128-bit encryption for protection? Or is it a needless worry? PAT] ------------------------------ TELECOM Digest is an electronic journal devoted mostly but not exclusively to telecommunications topics. It is circulated anywhere there is email, in addition to various telecom forums on a variety of networks such as Compuserve and America On Line, Yahoo Groups, and other forums. It is also gatewayed to Usenet where it appears as the moderated newsgroup 'comp.dcom.telecom'. TELECOM Digest is a not-for-profit, mostly non-commercial educational service offered to the Internet by Patrick Townson. All the contents of the Digest are compilation-copyrighted. You may reprint articles in some other media on an occasional basis, but please attribute my work and that of the original author. Contact information: Patrick Townson/TELECOM Digest Post Office Box 50 Independence, KS 67301 Phone: 620-402-0134 Fax 1: 775-255-9970 Fax 2: 530-309-7234 Fax 3: 208-692-5145 Email: editor@telecom-digest.org Subscribe: telecom-subscribe@telecom-digest.org Unsubscribe:telecom-unsubscribe@telecom-digest.org This Digest is the oldest continuing e-journal about telecomm- unications on the Internet, having been founded in August, 1981 and published continuously since then. Our archives are available for your review/research. We believe we are the oldest e-zine/mailing list on the internet in any category! 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Any organizations listed are for identification purposes only and messages should not be considered any official expression by the organization. End of TELECOM Digest V23 #513 ******************************